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封装，与协议的分层 - 雪地
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<h1>封装，与协议的分层</h1>
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<span class="date">2016/1/29 18:41 下午</span>
<span>posted in </span>
<span class="posted-in"><a href='TCPIP.html'>TCP/IP</a></span>
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<p>TODO： 为何要分层</p>
<p>要理解协议的分层，若是了解编程理念中的『封装』，可能更有助于理解分层的意义。</p>
<p>『封装』，狭义上指的是编写程序时，通过把一些重复操作的代码写成一个单独的函数，这就可以叫做一个简单的封装。</p>
<p>而我对于封装的理解，举个例子，当你忙了一天回到家，站在你的家门口，想要打开你家的房门时，你需要做以下事情：</p>
<pre><code class="language-flow">st=>start: 站在家门口
op1=>operation: 拿出钥匙
op2=>operation: 找到对应的钥匙
op3=>operation: 把钥匙插到锁孔中
op4=>operation: 旋转钥匙
op5=>operation: 拉开门
op6=>operation: 拔出钥匙
end=>end: 开门结束
st->op1->op2->op3->op4->op5->op6->end
</code></pre>
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<p>步骤很多，对不对。不过这个描述也没错，我们的确需要做出这些步骤才能开门。</p>
<p>但是，我们和别人聊天的时候，你想要告诉别人你昨天很累，回到家马上就睡觉了，你会说『昨天我回到家门口，<strong>掏出钥匙，找到对应的钥匙……</strong>』吗？</p>
<p>我想大部分人都不会的。</p>
<p>我会说『昨天我回到家门口，<strong>打开门</strong>，马上就进到卧室睡觉了』，这实际上就是一个封装，我们把这些步骤封装成了一个『开门』的步骤。</p>
<p>看到这里你可能已经大概感觉到了，封装，实际上是把一些步骤，打包整合，使它变成了更高层次的行为。看到这里，我觉得我们应该停下来，多思考一会儿关于封装的概念，毕竟这个概念对于理解后面的协议分层非常关键，所以，让我们暂时停一下脚步，来观察并思考一下，我们日常生活中，还有哪些东西实际上也是一种封装吧。</p>
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