diff --git a/packages/upload-media/CHANGELOG.md b/packages/upload-media/CHANGELOG.md
index 2a61f113196cdf..0d4b0ecc4721af 100644
--- a/packages/upload-media/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/packages/upload-media/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
 
 ## Unreleased
 
+### New Features
+
+- Add `image/jxl` to `CLIENT_SIDE_SUPPORTED_MIME_TYPES` and `jxl` to the supported output formats, enabling client-side JPEG XL processing.
+
 ## 0.30.0 (2026-04-29)
 
 ### Enhancement
diff --git a/packages/upload-media/src/store/constants.ts b/packages/upload-media/src/store/constants.ts
index d71b6c1ed62499..963423d83906c9 100644
--- a/packages/upload-media/src/store/constants.ts
+++ b/packages/upload-media/src/store/constants.ts
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ export const CLIENT_SIDE_SUPPORTED_MIME_TYPES: readonly string[] = [
 	'image/gif',
 	'image/webp',
 	'image/avif',
+	'image/jxl',
 ] as const;
 
 /**
diff --git a/packages/upload-media/src/store/private-actions.ts b/packages/upload-media/src/store/private-actions.ts
index 3befa57f685e27..5fccfd338df3de 100644
--- a/packages/upload-media/src/store/private-actions.ts
+++ b/packages/upload-media/src/store/private-actions.ts
@@ -565,7 +565,14 @@ export function finishOperation(
 	};
 }
 
-const VALID_IMAGE_FORMATS = [ 'jpeg', 'webp', 'avif', 'png', 'gif' ] as const;
+const VALID_IMAGE_FORMATS = [
+	'jpeg',
+	'webp',
+	'avif',
+	'png',
+	'gif',
+	'jxl',
+] as const;
 
 /**
  * Checks if a format string is a valid ImageFormat.
diff --git a/packages/upload-media/src/store/types.ts b/packages/upload-media/src/store/types.ts
index 07c4bb2029deeb..4c8a3be8f126c7 100644
--- a/packages/upload-media/src/store/types.ts
+++ b/packages/upload-media/src/store/types.ts
@@ -333,4 +333,4 @@ export interface SideloadAdditionalData extends AdditionalData {
 	image_size: string | string[];
 }
 
-export type ImageFormat = 'jpeg' | 'webp' | 'avif' | 'png' | 'gif';
+export type ImageFormat = 'jpeg' | 'webp' | 'avif' | 'png' | 'gif' | 'jxl';
diff --git a/packages/upload-media/src/store/utils/index.ts b/packages/upload-media/src/store/utils/index.ts
index 6109c85781211d..af5fc0cac0a3d3 100644
--- a/packages/upload-media/src/store/utils/index.ts
+++ b/packages/upload-media/src/store/utils/index.ts
@@ -59,7 +59,8 @@ export async function vipsConvertImageFormat(
 		| 'image/png'
 		| 'image/webp'
 		| 'image/avif'
-		| 'image/gif',
+		| 'image/gif'
+		| 'image/jxl',
 	quality: number,
 	interlaced?: boolean
 ) {
diff --git a/packages/vips/CHANGELOG.md b/packages/vips/CHANGELOG.md
index 7af30a8e39e304..135ae806920070 100644
--- a/packages/vips/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/packages/vips/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
 
 ## Unreleased
 
+### New Features
+
+-   Bundle `vips-jxl.wasm` to enable client-side JPEG XL (JXL) encoding and decoding.
+
 ## 1.5.0 (2026-04-29)
 
 ## 1.4.0 (2026-04-15)
diff --git a/packages/vips/src/index.ts b/packages/vips/src/index.ts
index 3a2657bed4d6b5..4f52ef9a1935cd 100644
--- a/packages/vips/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/vips/src/index.ts
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ import VipsModule from 'wasm-vips/vips.wasm';
 // @ts-expect-error - WASM files are inlined as base64 data URLs at build time
 import VipsHeifModule from 'wasm-vips/vips-heif.wasm';
 
+// @ts-expect-error - WASM files are inlined as base64 data URLs at build time
+import VipsJxlModule from 'wasm-vips/vips-jxl.wasm';
+
 /**
  * Internal dependencies
  */
@@ -41,10 +44,9 @@ async function getVips(): Promise< typeof Vips > {
 	}
 
 	vipsPromise = Vips( {
-		// Load HEIF dynamic module for HEIF/HEIC and AVIF format support.
-		// JXL is omitted as WordPress Core does not currently support it.
-		// It can be re-added when Core adds JXL support.
-		dynamicLibraries: [ 'vips-heif.wasm' ],
+		// Load HEIF dynamic module for HEIF/HEIC and AVIF format support,
+		// and JXL dynamic module for JPEG XL format support.
+		dynamicLibraries: [ 'vips-heif.wasm', 'vips-jxl.wasm' ],
 		locateFile: ( fileName: string ) => {
 			// WASM files are inlined as base64 data URLs at build time,
 			// eliminating the need for separate file downloads and avoiding
@@ -53,6 +55,8 @@ async function getVips(): Promise< typeof Vips > {
 				return VipsModule;
 			} else if ( fileName.endsWith( 'vips-heif.wasm' ) ) {
 				return VipsHeifModule;
+			} else if ( fileName.endsWith( 'vips-jxl.wasm' ) ) {
+				return VipsJxlModule;
 			}
 			return fileName;
 		},
@@ -154,6 +158,12 @@ export async function convertImageFormat(
 			saveOptions.effort = 2;
 		}
 
+		// JXL default effort of 7 is too slow for interactive use.
+		// Use 3 for a good balance of speed and compression.
+		if ( 'image/jxl' === outputType ) {
+			saveOptions.effort = 3;
+		}
+
 		const outBuffer = image.writeToBuffer( `.${ ext }`, saveOptions );
 		const result = outBuffer.buffer;
 
@@ -310,6 +320,12 @@ function buildSaveOptions(
 		saveOptions.effort = 2;
 	}
 
+	// JXL default effort of 7 is too slow for interactive use.
+	// Use 3 for a good balance of speed and compression.
+	if ( 'image/jxl' === type ) {
+		saveOptions.effort = 3;
+	}
+
 	return saveOptions;
 }
 
diff --git a/packages/vips/src/utils.ts b/packages/vips/src/utils.ts
index 924d28110b597e..d9a546f29dd1a6 100644
--- a/packages/vips/src/utils.ts
+++ b/packages/vips/src/utils.ts
@@ -8,10 +8,19 @@
  */
 export function supportsQuality(
 	type: string
-): type is 'image/jpeg' | 'image/png' | 'image/webp' | 'image/avif' {
-	return [ 'image/jpeg', 'image/png', 'image/webp', 'image/avif' ].includes(
-		type
-	);
+): type is
+	| 'image/jpeg'
+	| 'image/png'
+	| 'image/webp'
+	| 'image/avif'
+	| 'image/jxl' {
+	return [
+		'image/jpeg',
+		'image/png',
+		'image/webp',
+		'image/avif',
+		'image/jxl',
+	].includes( type );
 }
 
 /**