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Course_4_Week_3_Project_1.py
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"""
This is is a part of the DeepLearning.AI TensorFlow Developer Professional Certificate offered on Coursera.
All copyrights belong to them. I am sharing this work here to showcase the projects I have worked on
Course: Introduction to TensorFlow for Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning
Week 3: Recurrent Neural Networks for Time Series
Aim: RNNs for Time series
"""
import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
print(tf.__version__)
def plot_series(time, series, format="-", start=0, end=None):
plt.plot(time[start:end], series[start:end], format)
plt.xlabel("Time")
plt.ylabel("Value")
plt.grid(True)
def trend(time, slope=0):
return slope * time
def seasonal_pattern(season_time):
"""Just an arbitrary pattern, you can change it if you wish"""
return np.where(season_time < 0.4,
np.cos(season_time * 2 * np.pi),
1 / np.exp(3 * season_time))
def seasonality(time, period, amplitude=1, phase=0):
"""Repeats the same pattern at each period"""
season_time = ((time + phase) % period) / period
return amplitude * seasonal_pattern(season_time)
def noise(time, noise_level=1, seed=None):
rnd = np.random.RandomState(seed)
return rnd.randn(len(time)) * noise_level
time = np.arange(4 * 365 + 1, dtype="float32")
baseline = 10
series = trend(time, 0.1)
baseline = 10
amplitude = 40
slope = 0.05
noise_level = 5
# Create the series
series = baseline + trend(time, slope) + seasonality(time, period=365, amplitude=amplitude)
# Update with noise
series += noise(time, noise_level, seed=42)
series = tf.expand_dims(series, axis=-1)
split_time = 1000
time_train = time[:split_time]
x_train = series[:split_time]
time_valid = time[split_time:]
x_valid = series[split_time:]
window_size = 20
batch_size = 32
shuffle_buffer_size = 1000
print(x_train.shape)
def windowed_dataset(series, window_size, batch_size, shuffle_buffer):
dataset = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices(series)
dataset = dataset.window(window_size + 1, shift=1, drop_remainder=True)
dataset = dataset.flat_map(lambda window: window.batch(window_size + 1))
dataset = dataset.shuffle(shuffle_buffer).map(lambda window: (window[:-1], window[-1]))
dataset = dataset.batch(batch_size).prefetch(1)
return dataset
tf.keras.backend.clear_session()
tf.random.set_seed(51)
np.random.seed(51)
train_set = windowed_dataset(x_train, window_size, batch_size=128, shuffle_buffer=shuffle_buffer_size)
model = tf.keras.models.Sequential([
tf.keras.layers.SimpleRNN(40, return_sequences=True),
tf.keras.layers.SimpleRNN(40),
tf.keras.layers.Dense(1, lambda x: x * 100.0),
# tf.keras.layers.Lambda(lambda x: x * 100.0)
])
modelLSTM= model = tf.keras.models.Sequential([
tf.keras.layers.Bidirectional(tf.keras.layers.LSTM(32, return_sequences=True)),
tf.keras.layers.Bidirectional(tf.keras.layers.LSTM(32)),
tf.keras.layers.Dense(1, lambda x: x * 100.0),
])
lr_schedule = tf.keras.callbacks.LearningRateScheduler(
lambda epoch: 1e-8 * 10**(epoch / 20))
optimizer = tf.keras.optimizers.SGD(lr=1e-8, momentum=0.9)
model.compile(loss=tf.keras.losses.Huber(),
optimizer=optimizer,
metrics=["mae"])
history = model.fit(train_set, epochs=100, callbacks=[lr_schedule])
plt.semilogx(history.history["lr"], history.history["loss"])
plt.axis([1e-8, 1e-4, 0, 30])
tf.keras.backend.clear_session()
tf.random.set_seed(51)
np.random.seed(51)
dataset = windowed_dataset(x_train, window_size, batch_size=128, shuffle_buffer=shuffle_buffer_size)
model = tf.keras.models.Sequential([
# tf.keras.layers.Lambda(lambda x: tf.expand_dims(x, axis=-1),input_shape=[None]),
tf.keras.layers.SimpleRNN(40, return_sequences=True),
tf.keras.layers.SimpleRNN(40),
tf.keras.layers.Dense(1, lambda x: x * 100.0),
# tf.keras.layers.Lambda(lambda x: x * 100.0)
])
optimizer = tf.keras.optimizers.SGD(lr=5e-5, momentum=0.9)
model.compile(loss=tf.keras.losses.Huber(),
optimizer=optimizer,
metrics=["mae"])
history = model.fit(dataset,epochs=400)
forecast=[]
for time in range(len(series) - window_size):
forecast.append(model.predict(series[time:time + window_size][np.newaxis]))
forecast = forecast[split_time-window_size:]
results = np.array(forecast)[:, 0, 0]
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))
plot_series(time_valid, x_valid)
plot_series(time_valid, results)
tf.keras.metrics.mean_absolute_error(x_valid, results).numpy()
import matplotlib.image as mpimg
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
#-----------------------------------------------------------
# Retrieve a list of list results on training and test data
# sets for each training epoch
#-----------------------------------------------------------
mae=history.history['mae']
loss=history.history['loss']
epochs=range(len(loss)) # Get number of epochs
#------------------------------------------------
# Plot MAE and Loss
#------------------------------------------------
plt.plot(epochs, mae, 'r')
plt.plot(epochs, loss, 'b')
plt.title('MAE and Loss')
plt.xlabel("Epochs")
plt.ylabel("Accuracy")
plt.legend(["MAE", "Loss"])
plt.figure()
epochs_zoom = epochs[200:]
mae_zoom = mae[200:]
loss_zoom = loss[200:]
#------------------------------------------------
# Plot Zoomed MAE and Loss
#------------------------------------------------
plt.plot(epochs_zoom, mae_zoom, 'r')
plt.plot(epochs_zoom, loss_zoom, 'b')
plt.title('MAE and Loss')
plt.xlabel("Epochs")
plt.ylabel("Accuracy")
plt.legend(["MAE", "Loss"])
plt.figure()