diff --git a/src/platform/android/JPAGSurface.cpp b/src/platform/android/JPAGSurface.cpp
index e23c9125ca..31d34804dc 100644
--- a/src/platform/android/JPAGSurface.cpp
+++ b/src/platform/android/JPAGSurface.cpp
@@ -17,6 +17,9 @@
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 #include "JPAGSurface.h"
+#include <GLES/gl.h>
+#include <GLES/glext.h>
+#include <GLES3/gl3.h>
 #include <android/native_window_jni.h>
 #include "GPUDecoder.h"
 #include "GPUDrawable.h"
@@ -130,9 +133,9 @@ JNIEXPORT jlong Java_org_libpag_PAGSurface_SetupFromTexture(JNIEnv*, jclass, jin
                                                             jint width, jint height, jboolean flipY,
                                                             jboolean forAsyncThread) {
   GLTextureInfo glInfo = {};
-  glInfo.target = GL::TEXTURE_2D;
+  glInfo.target = GL_TEXTURE_2D;
   glInfo.id = static_cast<unsigned>(textureID);
-  glInfo.format = GL::RGBA8;
+  glInfo.format = GL_RGBA8;
   BackendTexture glTexture(glInfo, width, height);
   auto origin = flipY ? ImageOrigin::BottomLeft : ImageOrigin::TopLeft;
 
diff --git a/src/platform/android/VideoSurface.cpp b/src/platform/android/VideoSurface.cpp
index d53bd08d84..311cc96268 100644
--- a/src/platform/android/VideoSurface.cpp
+++ b/src/platform/android/VideoSurface.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 #include "VideoSurface.h"
 #include "android/native_window_jni.h"
+#include "gpu/opengl/GLContext.h"
 #include "gpu/opengl/GLTexture.h"
 
 namespace pag {
@@ -44,10 +45,9 @@ void VideoSurface::InitJNI(JNIEnv* env, const std::string& className) {
   VideoSurface_onRelease = env->GetMethodID(VideoSurfaceClass.get(), "onRelease", "()V");
 }
 
-OESTexture::OESTexture(tgfx::GLTextureInfo info, int width, int height)
+OESTexture::OESTexture(const tgfx::GLSampler& glSampler, int width, int height)
     : GLTexture(width, height, tgfx::ImageOrigin::TopLeft) {
-  sampler.glInfo = info;
-  sampler.config = tgfx::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888;
+  sampler = glSampler;
 }
 
 void OESTexture::setTextureSize(int width, int height) {
@@ -85,9 +85,9 @@ tgfx::Point OESTexture::getTextureCoord(float x, float y) const {
 }
 
 void OESTexture::onRelease(tgfx::Context* context) {
-  if (sampler.glInfo.id > 0) {
+  if (sampler.id > 0) {
     auto gl = tgfx::GLContext::Unwrap(context);
-    gl->deleteTextures(1, &sampler.glInfo.id);
+    gl->deleteTextures(1, &sampler.id);
   }
 }
 
@@ -163,20 +163,21 @@ bool VideoSurface::attachToContext(JNIEnv* env, tgfx::Context* context) {
     return true;
   }
   auto gl = tgfx::GLContext::Unwrap(context);
-  tgfx::GLTextureInfo info = {};
-  info.target = GL::TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES;
-  info.format = GL::RGBA8;
-  gl->genTextures(1, &info.id);
-  if (info.id == 0) {
+  tgfx::GLSampler sampler = {};
+  sampler.target = GL::TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES;
+  sampler.format = tgfx::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888;
+  gl->genTextures(1, &sampler.id);
+  if (sampler.id == 0) {
     return false;
   }
-  auto result = env->CallBooleanMethod(videoSurface.get(), VideoSurface_attachToGLContext, info.id);
+  auto result =
+      env->CallBooleanMethod(videoSurface.get(), VideoSurface_attachToGLContext, sampler.id);
   if (!result) {
-    gl->deleteTextures(1, &info.id);
+    gl->deleteTextures(1, &sampler.id);
     LOGE("VideoSurface::attachToGLContext(): failed to attached to a Surface!");
     return false;
   }
-  glInfo = info;
+  glInfo = sampler;
   deviceID = context->device()->uniqueID();
   return true;
 }
diff --git a/src/platform/android/VideoSurface.h b/src/platform/android/VideoSurface.h
index ef7b362f81..ba57c88795 100644
--- a/src/platform/android/VideoSurface.h
+++ b/src/platform/android/VideoSurface.h
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 namespace pag {
 class OESTexture : public tgfx::GLTexture {
  public:
-  OESTexture(tgfx::GLTextureInfo info, int width, int height);
+  OESTexture(const tgfx::GLSampler& sampler, int width, int height);
 
   tgfx::Point getTextureCoord(float x, float y) const override;
 
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ class VideoSurface {
   int width = 0;
   int height = 0;
   uint32_t deviceID = 0;
-  tgfx::GLTextureInfo glInfo = {};
+  tgfx::GLSampler glInfo = {};
   std::shared_ptr<OESTexture> oesTexture = nullptr;
   mutable std::atomic_bool hasPendingTextureImage = {false};
 
diff --git a/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/GLDefines.h b/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/GLDefines.h
index 6903b4721e..57018f74a0 100644
--- a/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/GLDefines.h
+++ b/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/GLDefines.h
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@
 #include <memory>
 
 namespace GL {
+#undef FALSE
+#undef TRUE
+
 // The following constants consist of the intersection of GL constants
 // exported by GLES 1.0, GLES 2.0, and desktop GL required by the system.
 
diff --git a/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/cgl/CGLWindow.mm b/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/cgl/CGLWindow.mm
index 729e17f192..4093f24f00 100644
--- a/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/cgl/CGLWindow.mm
+++ b/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/cgl/CGLWindow.mm
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include <OpenGL/gl3.h>
 #include <thread>
 #include "CGLHardwareTexture.h"
+#include "gpu/opengl/GLRenderTarget.h"
 
 namespace tgfx {
 static std::mutex threadCacheLocker = {};
@@ -106,11 +107,11 @@
 #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
     [glContext setView:view];
 #pragma clang diagnostic pop
-    GLFrameBufferInfo glInfo = {};
-    glInfo.id = 0;
-    glInfo.format = GL_RGBA8;
-    BackendRenderTarget renderTarget(glInfo, size.width, size.height);
-    return Surface::MakeFrom(context, renderTarget, ImageOrigin::BottomLeft);
+    GLFrameBuffer frameBuffer = {};
+    frameBuffer.id = 0;
+    frameBuffer.format = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888;
+    auto renderTarget = GLRenderTarget::MakeFrom(context, frameBuffer, size.width, size.height, ImageOrigin::BottomLeft);
+    return Surface::MakeFrom(context, renderTarget);
   }
   auto texture = CGLHardwareTexture::MakeFrom(context, pixelBuffer);
   return Surface::MakeFrom(context, texture);
diff --git a/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/eagl/EAGLHardwareTexture.mm b/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/eagl/EAGLHardwareTexture.mm
index b87aaf0acd..d5c34a1321 100644
--- a/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/eagl/EAGLHardwareTexture.mm
+++ b/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/eagl/EAGLHardwareTexture.mm
@@ -19,31 +19,28 @@
 #include "EAGLHardwareTexture.h"
 #include "gpu/opengl/eagl/EAGLDevice.h"
 #include "core/utils/UniqueID.h"
+#include "gpu/opengl/GLContext.h"
 
 namespace tgfx {
 static CVOpenGLESTextureRef GetTextureRef(Context* context, CVPixelBufferRef pixelBuffer,
-                                          CVOpenGLESTextureCacheRef textureCache,
-                                          unsigned* sizedFormat) {
+                                          CVOpenGLESTextureCacheRef textureCache) {
   if (textureCache == nil) {
     return nil;
   }
   auto width = static_cast<int>(CVPixelBufferGetWidth(pixelBuffer));
   auto height = static_cast<int>(CVPixelBufferGetHeight(pixelBuffer));
-  auto pixelFormat = CVPixelBufferGetPixelFormatType(pixelBuffer);
   CVOpenGLESTextureRef texture = nil;
   CVReturn result;
-  if (pixelFormat == kCVPixelFormatType_OneComponent8) {
-    auto gl = GLContext::Unwrap(context);
+  if (CVPixelBufferGetPixelFormatType(pixelBuffer) == kCVPixelFormatType_OneComponent8) {
+      auto gl = GLContext::Unwrap(context);
     const auto& format = gl->caps->getTextureFormat(PixelFormat::ALPHA_8);
-    *sizedFormat = format.sizedFormat;
     // 返回的 texture 对象是一个强引用计数为 1 的对象。
     result = CVOpenGLESTextureCacheCreateTextureFromImage(
         kCFAllocatorDefault, textureCache, pixelBuffer, NULL, /* texture attributes */
         GL::TEXTURE_2D, format.internalFormatTexImage,        /* opengl format */
-        width, height, format.externalFormat,                 /* native iOS format */
+        width, height, GL::RED,                 /* native iOS format */
         GL::UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0, &texture);
   } else {
-    *sizedFormat = GL::RGBA8;
     // 返回的 texture 对象是一个强引用计数为 1 的对象。
     result = CVOpenGLESTextureCacheCreateTextureFromImage(
         kCFAllocatorDefault, textureCache, pixelBuffer, NULL, /* texture attributes */
@@ -72,20 +69,19 @@ static CVOpenGLESTextureRef GetTextureRef(Context* context, CVPixelBufferRef pix
   if (eaglDevice == nullptr) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  unsigned sizedFormat = 0;
-  auto texture = GetTextureRef(context, pixelBuffer, eaglDevice->getTextureCache(), &sizedFormat);
+  
+  auto texture = GetTextureRef(context, pixelBuffer, eaglDevice->getTextureCache());
   if (texture == nil) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  GLTextureInfo glInfo = {};
+  GLSampler glInfo = {};
+  auto oneComponent8 =
+  CVPixelBufferGetPixelFormatType(pixelBuffer) == kCVPixelFormatType_OneComponent8;
+  glInfo.format = oneComponent8 ? PixelFormat::ALPHA_8 : PixelFormat::RGBA_8888;
   glInfo.target = CVOpenGLESTextureGetTarget(texture);
   glInfo.id = CVOpenGLESTextureGetName(texture);
-  glInfo.format = sizedFormat;
-  auto oneComponent8 =
-      CVPixelBufferGetPixelFormatType(pixelBuffer) == kCVPixelFormatType_OneComponent8;
   glTexture = Resource::Wrap(context, new EAGLHardwareTexture(pixelBuffer));
-  glTexture->sampler.glInfo = glInfo;
-  glTexture->sampler.format = oneComponent8 ? PixelFormat::ALPHA_8 : PixelFormat::RGBA_8888;
+  glTexture->sampler = glInfo;
   glTexture->texture = texture;
   return glTexture;
 }
diff --git a/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/eagl/EAGLNV12Texture.mm b/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/eagl/EAGLNV12Texture.mm
index 79a4c7cf76..3c2ffd29e5 100644
--- a/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/eagl/EAGLNV12Texture.mm
+++ b/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/eagl/EAGLNV12Texture.mm
@@ -17,15 +17,16 @@
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 #include "EAGLNV12Texture.h"
+#include "gpu/opengl/GLContext.h"
 #include "gpu/opengl/eagl/EAGLDevice.h"
 
 namespace tgfx {
-static GLTextureInfo ToGLTexture(CVOpenGLESTextureRef texture, unsigned format) {
-  GLTextureInfo glInfo = {};
-  glInfo.target = CVOpenGLESTextureGetTarget(texture);
-  glInfo.id = CVOpenGLESTextureGetName(texture);
-  glInfo.format = format;
-  return glInfo;
+static GLSampler ToGLSampler(CVOpenGLESTextureRef texture, PixelFormat format) {
+  GLSampler sampler = {};
+  sampler.target = CVOpenGLESTextureGetTarget(texture);
+  sampler.id = CVOpenGLESTextureGetName(texture);
+  sampler.format = format;
+  return sampler;
 }
 
 std::shared_ptr<EAGLNV12Texture> EAGLNV12Texture::MakeFrom(Context* context,
@@ -44,31 +45,29 @@ static GLTextureInfo ToGLTexture(CVOpenGLESTextureRef texture, unsigned format)
   auto height = static_cast<int>(CVPixelBufferGetHeight(pixelBuffer));
   CVOpenGLESTextureRef outputTextureLuma = nil;
   CVOpenGLESTextureRef outputTextureChroma = nil;
-  auto oneComponentFormat = PixelFormat::GRAY_8;
   auto gl = GLContext::Unwrap(context);
-  const auto& oneComponentFormat = gl->caps->getTextureFormat(oneComponentFormat);
+  auto lumaComponentFormat = PixelFormat::GRAY_8;
+  const auto& oneComponentFormat = gl->caps->getTextureFormat(lumaComponentFormat);
   // 返回的 texture 对象是一个强引用计数为 1 的对象。
   CVOpenGLESTextureCacheCreateTextureFromImage(
-      kCFAllocatorDefault, textureCache, pixelBuffer, NULL, GL_TEXTURE_2D,
+      kCFAllocatorDefault, textureCache, pixelBuffer, NULL, GL::TEXTURE_2D,
       oneComponentFormat.internalFormatTexImage, width, height, oneComponentFormat.externalFormat,
-      GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0, &outputTextureLuma);
-  auto twoComponentFormat = PixelFormat::RG_88;
-  const auto& twoComponentFormat = gl->caps->getTextureFormat(twoComponentFormat);
+      GL::UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0, &outputTextureLuma);
+  auto chromaComponentFormat = PixelFormat::RG_88;
+  const auto& twoComponentFormat = gl->caps->getTextureFormat(chromaComponentFormat);
   // 返回的 texture 对象是一个强引用计数为 1 的对象。
   CVOpenGLESTextureCacheCreateTextureFromImage(
-      kCFAllocatorDefault, textureCache, pixelBuffer, NULL, GL_TEXTURE_2D,
+      kCFAllocatorDefault, textureCache, pixelBuffer, NULL, GL::TEXTURE_2D,
       twoComponentFormat.internalFormatTexImage, width / 2, height / 2,
-      twoComponentFormat.externalFormat, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 1, &outputTextureChroma);
+      twoComponentFormat.externalFormat, GL::UNSIGNED_BYTE, 1, &outputTextureChroma);
   if (outputTextureLuma == nil || outputTextureChroma == nil) {
     return nullptr;
   }
   auto texture = Resource::Wrap(context, new EAGLNV12Texture(pixelBuffer, colorSpace, colorRange));
   texture->lumaTexture = outputTextureLuma;
-  texture->samplers.emplace_back(oneComponentFormat,
-                                 ToGLTexture(outputTextureLuma, oneComponentFormat.sizedFormat));
+  texture->samplers.push_back(ToGLSampler(outputTextureLuma, lumaComponentFormat));
   texture->chromaTexture = outputTextureChroma;
-  texture->samplers.emplace_back(twoComponentFormat,
-                                 ToGLTexture(outputTextureChroma, twoComponentFormat.sizedFormat));
+  texture->samplers.push_back(ToGLSampler(outputTextureChroma, chromaComponentFormat));
   return texture;
 }
 
diff --git a/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/eagl/EAGLWindow.mm b/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/eagl/EAGLWindow.mm
index 7e7cf64421..a6062812d1 100644
--- a/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/eagl/EAGLWindow.mm
+++ b/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/eagl/EAGLWindow.mm
@@ -137,11 +137,11 @@
     LOGE("EAGLWindow::onCreateSurface() Framebuffer is not complete!");
     return nullptr;
   }
-  GLFrameBufferInfo glInfo = {};
+  GLFrameBuffer glInfo = {};
   glInfo.id = frameBufferID;
-  glInfo.format = GL::RGBA8;
-  BackendRenderTarget renderTarget(glInfo, static_cast<int>(width), static_cast<int>(height));
-  return Surface::MakeFrom(context, renderTarget, ImageOrigin::BottomLeft);
+  glInfo.format = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888;
+  auto renderTarget = GLRenderTarget::MakeFrom(context, glInfo, static_cast<int>(width), static_cast<int>(height), ImageOrigin::BottomLeft);
+  return Surface::MakeFrom(context, renderTarget);
 }
 
 void EAGLWindow::onPresent(Context* context, int64_t) {
diff --git a/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/egl/EGLHardwareTexture.cpp b/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/egl/EGLHardwareTexture.cpp
index d1369c10c8..c7ba74cf07 100644
--- a/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/egl/EGLHardwareTexture.cpp
+++ b/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/egl/EGLHardwareTexture.cpp
@@ -70,24 +70,25 @@ std::shared_ptr<EGLHardwareTexture> EGLHardwareTexture::MakeFrom(Context* contex
   if (eglImage == EGL_NO_IMAGE_KHR) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  GLTextureInfo glInfo = {};
-  glGenTextures(1, &glInfo.id);
-  if (glInfo.id == 0) {
+  GLSampler sampler = {};
+  sampler.target = GL_TEXTURE_2D;
+  sampler.format = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888;
+  glGenTextures(1, &sampler.id);
+  if (sampler.id == 0) {
     eglext::eglDestroyImageKHR(display, eglImage);
     return nullptr;
   }
-  glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, glInfo.id);
-  glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-  glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-  glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-  glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-  eglext::glEGLImageTargetTexture2DOES(GL_TEXTURE_2D, (GLeglImageOES)eglImage);
+  glBindTexture(sampler.target, sampler.id);
+  glTexParameteri(sampler.target, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+  glTexParameteri(sampler.target, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+  glTexParameteri(sampler.target, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+  glTexParameteri(sampler.target, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+  eglext::glEGLImageTargetTexture2DOES(sampler.target, (GLeglImageOES)eglImage);
   AHardwareBuffer_Desc desc;
   HardwareBufferInterface::Describe(hardwareBuffer, &desc);
   glTexture = Resource::Wrap(
       context, new EGLHardwareTexture(hardwareBuffer, eglImage, desc.width, desc.height));
-  glTexture->sampler.glInfo = glInfo;
-  glTexture->sampler.format = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888;
+  glTexture->sampler = sampler;
   return glTexture;
 }
 
@@ -110,8 +111,7 @@ void EGLHardwareTexture::ComputeRecycleKey(BytesKey* recycleKey, void* hardwareB
 }
 
 void EGLHardwareTexture::onRelease(Context* context) {
-  auto gl = GLContext::Unwrap(context);
-  gl->deleteTextures(1, &sampler.glInfo.id);
+  glDeleteTextures(1, &sampler.id);
   auto display = static_cast<EGLDevice*>(context->device())->getDisplay();
   eglext::eglDestroyImageKHR(display, eglImage);
 }
diff --git a/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/qt/QGLWindow.cpp b/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/qt/QGLWindow.cpp
index 1a671f061d..37eee40825 100644
--- a/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/qt/QGLWindow.cpp
+++ b/tgfx/src/gpu/opengl/qt/QGLWindow.cpp
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ QSGTexture* QGLWindow::getTexture() {
       delete outTexture;
       outTexture = nullptr;
     }
-    auto textureID = frontTexture->getGLInfo().id;
+    auto textureID = frontTexture->glSampler().id;
     auto width = static_cast<int>(ceil(quickItem->width()));
     auto height = static_cast<int>(ceil(quickItem->height()));
     outTexture = nativeWindow->createTextureFromId(textureID, QSize(width, height),
@@ -97,10 +97,11 @@ std::shared_ptr<Surface> QGLWindow::onCreateSurface(Context* context) {
   if (width <= 0 || height <= 0) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  frontTexture = GLTexture::MakeRGBA(context, width, height);
-  backTexture = GLTexture::MakeRGBA(context, width, height);
-  renderTarget = GLRenderTarget::MakeFrom(context, backTexture.get());
-  return GLSurface::MakeFrom(context, renderTarget);
+  frontTexture = std::static_pointer_cast<GLTexture>(Texture::MakeRGBA(context, width, height));
+  backTexture = std::static_pointer_cast<GLTexture>(Texture::MakeRGBA(context, width, height));
+  auto surface = Surface::MakeFrom(context, backTexture);
+  renderTarget = std::static_pointer_cast<GLRenderTarget>(surface->getRenderTarget());
+  return surface;
 }
 
 void QGLWindow::onPresent(Context* context, int64_t) {
@@ -110,9 +111,9 @@ void QGLWindow::onPresent(Context* context, int64_t) {
   auto gl = GLContext::Unwrap(context);
   std::swap(frontTexture, backTexture);
   gl->flush();
-  gl->bindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, renderTarget->getGLInfo().id);
+  gl->bindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, renderTarget->glFrameBuffer().id);
   gl->framebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_TEXTURE_2D,
-                           backTexture->getGLInfo().id, 0);
+                           backTexture->glSampler().id, 0);
   gl->bindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
   invalidateTexture();
 }