Textile dermatitis, also known as allergic contact dermatitis from textiles, is a type of skin irritation or inflammation that occurs as a result of direct contact with certain fabrics or materials. It is a form of contact dermatitis, which is a localized skin reaction caused by exposure to an allergen or irritant.
Key points:
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Chemical causes: Textile dermatitis can be caused by substances present in fabrics, including dyes, finishing agents, flame retardants, waterproofing treatments, formaldehyde resins, and other chemicals.
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Fiber causes: Some individuals may experience dermatitis due to natural fibers like wool or plant-based fibers.
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Metal causes: Metal components in clothing, such as snaps, buttons, or zippers made of nickel, can also cause contact dermatitis in sensitive individuals. Nickel allergy is a common cause of skin irritation.
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Symptoms: Common symptoms of textile dermatitis include redness, itching, rash, swelling, or blisters, all in the areas of skin that come into contact with the fabric.
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Diagnosis: Diagnosis is typically based on a thorough [medical history](../medical-history/), including information about exposure to specific fabrics, and clinical examination. In some cases, patch testing may be done to identify the specific allergens causing the reaction.
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Topical Treatments: Over-the-counter or prescription topical corticosteroids and antihistamines may be used to alleviate symptoms of itching and inflammation associated with textile dermatitis.
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Treatment: The primary treatment strategy for textile dermatitis is to avoid contact with the problematic fabrics or triggers.