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oni-ml

Machine learning routines for OpenNetworkInsight, version 1.1

At present, oni-ml contains routines for performing suspicious connections analyses on netflow, DNS or proxy data gathered from a network. These analyses consume a (possibly very lage) collection of network events and produces a list of the events that considered to be the least probable (or most suspicious).

oni-ml is designed to be run as a component of Open-Network-Insight. It relies on the ingest component of Open-Network-Insight to collect and load netflow and DNS records, and oni-ml will try to load data to the operational analytics component of Open-Network-Insight. It is strongly suggested that when experimenting with oni-ml, you do so as a part of the unified Open-Network-Insight system: Please see the Open-Network-Insight wiki

The remaining instructions in this README file treat oni-ml in a stand-alone fashion that might be helpful for customizing and troubleshooting the component.

Prepare data for input

Load data for consumption by oni-ml by running oni-ingest.

The data format and location where the data is stored differs for netflow and DNS analyses.

Netflow Data

Netflow data for the year YEAR, month MONTH, and day DAY is stored in HDFS at HUSER/flow/csv/y=YEAR/m=MONTH/d=DAY/*

Data for oni-ml netflow analyses is currently stored in text csv files using the following schema:

  • time: String
  • year: Double
  • month: Double
  • day: Double
  • hour: Double
  • minute: Double
  • second: Double
  • time of duration: Double
  • source IP: String
  • destination IP: String
  • source port: Double
  • dport: Double
  • proto: String
  • flag: String
  • fwd: Double
  • stos: Double
  • ipkt: Double.
  • ibyt: Double
  • opkt: Double
  • obyt: Double
  • input: Double
  • output: Double
  • sas: String
  • das: Sring
  • dtos: String
  • dir: String
  • rip: String

DNS Data

DNS data for the year YEAR, month MONTH and day DAY is stored in Hive at HUSER/dns/hive/y=YEAR/m=MONTH/d=DAY/

The Hive tables containing DNS data for oni-ml analyses have the following schema:

  • frame_time: STRING
  • unix_tstamp: BIGINT
  • frame_len: INT3. ip_dst: STRING
  • ip_src: STRING
  • dns_qry_name: STRING
  • dns_qry_class: STRING
  • dns_qry_type: INT
  • dns_qry_rcode: INT
  • dns_a: STRING

PROXY DATA

  • p_date: STRING
  • p_time: STRING
  • clientip: STRING
  • host: STRING
  • reqmethod: STRING
  • useragent: STRING
  • resconttype: STRING
  • duration: INT
  • username: STRING
  • authgroup: STRING
  • exceptionid: STRING
  • filterresult: STRING
  • webcat: STRING
  • referer: STRING
  • respcode: STRING
  • action: STRING
  • urischeme: STRING
  • uriport: STRING
  • uripath: STRING
  • uriquery: STRING
  • uriextension: STRING
  • serverip: STRING
  • scbytes: INT
  • csbytes: INT
  • virusid: STRING
  • bcappname: STRING
  • bcappoper: STRING
  • fulluri: STRING

Run a suspicious connects analysis

To run a suspicious connects analysis, execute the ml_ops.sh script in the ml directory of the MLNODE.

./ml_ops.sh YYYMMDD <type> <suspicion threshold> <max results returned>

For example:

./ml_ops.sh 19731231 flow 1e-20 200

If the max results returned argument is not provided, all results with scores below the threshold will be returned, for example:

./ml_ops.sh 20150101 dns 1e-4

As the maximum probability of an event is 1, a threshold of 1 can be used to select a fixed number of most suspicious items regardless of their exact scores:

./ml_ops.sh 20150101 proxy 1 2000

oni-ml output

Final results are stored in the following file on HDFS.

Depending on which data source is analyzed, oni-ml output will be found under the HPATH at one of

 $HPATH/dns/scored_results/YYYYMMDD/scores/dns_results.csv
 $HPATH/proxy/scored_results/YYYYMMDD/scores/results.csv
 $HPATH/flow/scored_results/YYYYMMDD/scores/flow_results.csv

It is a csv file in which network events annotated with estimated probabilities and sorted in ascending order.

A successful run of oni-ml will also create and populate a directory at LPATH/<source>/YYYYMMDD where <source> is one of flow, dns or proxy, and YYYYMMDD is the date argument provided to ml_ops.sh This directory will contain the following files generated during the LDA procedure used for topic-modelling:

  • model.dat An intermediate file in which each line corresponds to a "document" (the flow traffic about an IP, or the DNS queries of a client IP), and contains the size of the document and the list of "words" (simplified network events) occurring in the document with their frequencies. Words are encoded as integers per the file words.dat.
  • final.beta A space-separated text file that contains the logs of the probabilities of each word given each topic. Each line corresponds to a topic and the words are columns.
  • final.gamma A space-separated text file that contains the unnormalized probabilities of each topic given each document. Each line corresponds to a document and the topics are the columns.
  • final.other Auxilliary information from the LDA run: Number of topics, number of terms, alpha.
  • likelihood.dat Convergence information for the LDA run.

In addition, on each worker node identified in NODES, in the LPATH/<source>/YYYYMMDD directory files of the form <worker index>.beta and <workder index>.gamma, these are local temporary files that are combined to form final.beta and final.gamma, respectively.

Licensing

oni-ml is licensed under Apache Version 2.0

Contributing

Create a pull request and contact the maintainers.

Issues

Report issues at the OpenNetworkInsight issues page.

Maintainers

Ricardo Barona

Nathan Segerlind

Everardo Lopez Sandoval