diff --git a/pkgs/development/libraries/rapidfuzz-cpp/default.nix b/pkgs/development/libraries/rapidfuzz-cpp/default.nix
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..10b63ce82f83b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkgs/development/libraries/rapidfuzz-cpp/default.nix
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+{ lib
+, stdenv
+, fetchFromGitHub
+, cmake
+}:
+
+stdenv.mkDerivation rec {
+  pname = "rapidfuzz-cpp";
+  version = "1.0.0";
+
+  src = fetchFromGitHub {
+    owner = "maxbachmann";
+    repo = pname;
+    rev = "v${version}";
+    sha256 = "1g30ckm78ixsd06s067saaqbw97mkxyhfn75dr0ql7i3j9ghz7mw";
+  };
+
+  nativeBuildInputs = [ cmake ];
+
+  cmakeFlags = [ "-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release" ];
+
+  meta = with lib; {
+    description = "Rapid fuzzy string matching in C++ using the Levenshtein Distance";
+    homepage = "https://github.com/maxbachmann/rapidfuzz-cpp";
+    license = licenses.mit;
+    maintainers = with maintainers; [ fab ];
+    platforms = platforms.all;
+  };
+}
diff --git a/pkgs/development/python-modules/levenshtein/default.nix b/pkgs/development/python-modules/levenshtein/default.nix
index e5f743e0fe11e..2ba032055e02a 100644
--- a/pkgs/development/python-modules/levenshtein/default.nix
+++ b/pkgs/development/python-modules/levenshtein/default.nix
@@ -2,29 +2,52 @@
 , buildPythonPackage
 , fetchFromGitHub
 , pythonOlder
-, pytestCheckHook
+, python
+, cmake
+, ninja
+, cython
+, scikit-build
+, setuptools
+, rapidfuzz-cpp
 , rapidfuzz
+, pytestCheckHook
 }:
 
 buildPythonPackage rec {
   pname = "levenshtein";
   version = "0.18.1";
-  format = "setuptools";
+  format = "pyproject";
 
   disabled = pythonOlder "3.6";
 
   src = fetchFromGitHub {
     owner = "maxbachmann";
-    repo = "Levenshtein";
+    repo = pname;
     rev = "v${version}";
-    sha256 = "sha256-3p9LM4tv45bqeTsuyngivqfd5uml7uqGB2ICKqPa0qY=";
+    fetchSubmodules = true;
+    sha256 = "sha256-WREYdD5MFOpCzH4BSceRpzQZdpi3Xxxn0DpMvDsNlGo=";
   };
 
   postPatch = ''
-    substituteInPlace setup.cfg \
-      --replace "rapidfuzz >= 1.8.2, < 1.9" "rapidfuzz"
+    substituteInPlace setup.py \
+      --replace ", < 3.0.0" ""
+
+    substituteInPlace pyproject.toml \
+      --replace "Cython==3.0.0a10" "Cython>=0.29.0"
   '';
 
+  nativeBuildInputs = [
+    cmake
+    ninja
+    cython
+    scikit-build
+    setuptools
+  ];
+
+  buildInputs = [
+    rapidfuzz-cpp
+  ];
+
   propagatedBuildInputs = [
     rapidfuzz
   ];
@@ -33,6 +56,12 @@ buildPythonPackage rec {
     pytestCheckHook
   ];
 
+  dontUseCmakeConfigure = true;
+
+  cmakeFlags = [
+    "-DCMAKE_MODULE_PATH=${python.pkgs.scikit-build}/${python.sitePackages}/skbuild/resources/cmake"
+  ];
+
   pythonImportsCheck = [
     "Levenshtein"
   ];
@@ -42,5 +71,6 @@ buildPythonPackage rec {
     homepage = "https://github.com/maxbachmann/Levenshtein";
     license = licenses.gpl2Plus;
     maintainers = with maintainers; [ fab ];
+    platforms = platforms.all;
   };
 }
diff --git a/pkgs/development/python-modules/rapidfuzz-capi/default.nix b/pkgs/development/python-modules/rapidfuzz-capi/default.nix
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..735c6f02ae935
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkgs/development/python-modules/rapidfuzz-capi/default.nix
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+{ lib
+, buildPythonPackage
+, fetchFromGitHub
+}:
+
+buildPythonPackage rec {
+  pname = "rapidfuzz-capi";
+  version = "1.0.2";
+  format = "pyproject";
+
+  src = fetchFromGitHub {
+    owner = "maxbachmann";
+    repo = "rapidfuzz_capi";
+    rev = "v.${version}";
+    sha256 = "127mwjbyp2nfj846bxb3aajmhsgzfx4wfvizpnwb30yv2fcrpy7l";
+  };
+
+  pythonImportsCheck = [ "rapidfuzz_capi" ];
+
+  meta = with lib; {
+    description = "C-API of RapidFuzz, which can be used to extend RapidFuzz from separate packages";
+    homepage = "https://github.com/maxbachmann/rapidfuzz_capi";
+    license = licenses.mit;
+    maintainers = with maintainers; [ dotlambda ];
+  };
+}
diff --git a/pkgs/development/python-modules/rapidfuzz/default.nix b/pkgs/development/python-modules/rapidfuzz/default.nix
index 19ee86e93ab6d..5128f5188d467 100644
--- a/pkgs/development/python-modules/rapidfuzz/default.nix
+++ b/pkgs/development/python-modules/rapidfuzz/default.nix
@@ -2,34 +2,60 @@
 , buildPythonPackage
 , pythonOlder
 , fetchFromGitHub
-, pytestCheckHook
+, cmake
+, cython
+, scikit-build
+, python
+, numpy
+, rapidfuzz-capi
 , hypothesis
 , pandas
-, numpy
+, pytestCheckHook
 }:
 
 buildPythonPackage rec {
   pname = "rapidfuzz";
-  version = "1.9.1";
+  version = "2.0.8";
+  format = "pyproject";
 
-  disabled = pythonOlder "3.5";
+  disabled = pythonOlder "3.6";
 
   src = fetchFromGitHub {
     owner = "maxbachmann";
-    repo = "RapidFuzz";
+    repo = pname;
     rev = "v${version}";
     fetchSubmodules = true;
-    sha256 = "sha256-aZqsQHrxmPqZARkqR1hWaj7XndOlCJjmWk1Cosx4skA=";
+    sha256 = "sha256-LA4UpP3jFcVZTYKuq8aBvfGgEhyOLeCUsUXEgSnwb94=";
   };
 
+  nativeBuildInputs = [
+    cmake
+    cython
+    scikit-build
+  ];
+
+  postPatch = ''
+    substituteInPlace pyproject.toml \
+      --replace "==" ">=" \
+      --replace "Cython==3.0.0a10" "Cython>=0.29.0" \
+      --replace "scikit-build>=0.13.0" "scikit-build>=0.12.0"
+  '';
+
+  dontUseCmakeConfigure = true;
+
+  cmakeFlags = [
+    "-DCMAKE_MODULE_PATH=${scikit-build}/${python.sitePackages}/skbuild/resources/cmake"
+  ];
+
   propagatedBuildInputs = [
     numpy
+    rapidfuzz-capi
   ];
 
   checkInputs = [
-    pytestCheckHook
     hypothesis
     pandas
+    pytestCheckHook
   ];
 
   disabledTests = [
diff --git a/pkgs/top-level/all-packages.nix b/pkgs/top-level/all-packages.nix
index f36274a9ddb1f..95ce3713729fe 100644
--- a/pkgs/top-level/all-packages.nix
+++ b/pkgs/top-level/all-packages.nix
@@ -19886,6 +19886,8 @@ with pkgs;
 
   rapidcheck = callPackage ../development/libraries/rapidcheck {};
 
+  rapidfuzz-cpp = callPackage ../development/libraries/rapidfuzz-cpp {};
+
   rapidjson = callPackage ../development/libraries/rapidjson {};
 
   rapidxml = callPackage ../development/libraries/rapidxml {};
diff --git a/pkgs/top-level/python-packages.nix b/pkgs/top-level/python-packages.nix
index 5aaf35c45a457..6911d48eaa86b 100644
--- a/pkgs/top-level/python-packages.nix
+++ b/pkgs/top-level/python-packages.nix
@@ -8669,6 +8669,8 @@ in {
 
   rapidfuzz = callPackage ../development/python-modules/rapidfuzz { };
 
+  rapidfuzz-capi = callPackage ../development/python-modules/rapidfuzz-capi { };
+
   rarfile = callPackage ../development/python-modules/rarfile {
     inherit (pkgs) libarchive;
   };