diff --git a/test/e2e/fixtures/environment-profiles.ts b/test/e2e/fixtures/environment-profiles.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a6e66c35377
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/e2e/fixtures/environment-profiles.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2026 NVIDIA CORPORATION & AFFILIATES. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+import os from "node:os";
+import path from "node:path";
+
+import { buildAvailabilityProbeEnv } from "./availability-env.ts";
+
+function withDefaults(
+  base: NodeJS.ProcessEnv,
+  extra: NodeJS.ProcessEnv,
+  gateway: string | undefined,
+): NodeJS.ProcessEnv {
+  return {
+    ...base,
+    NEMOCLAW_ACCEPT_THIRD_PARTY_SOFTWARE: "1",
+    NEMOCLAW_NON_INTERACTIVE: "1",
+    OPENSHELL_GATEWAY: gateway ?? "nemoclaw",
+    ...extra,
+  };
+}
+
+function withInstalledCliPath(base: NodeJS.ProcessEnv, home: string): NodeJS.ProcessEnv {
+  const entries = [
+    path.join(home, ".local", "bin"),
+    path.join(home, ".npm-global", "bin"),
+    ...(base.PATH?.split(path.delimiter) ?? []),
+  ];
+  return {
+    ...base,
+    HOME: home,
+    PATH: [...new Set(entries.filter(Boolean))].join(path.delimiter),
+  };
+}
+
+export function commandEnvironment(
+  extra: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = {},
+  source: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = process.env,
+): NodeJS.ProcessEnv {
+  return withDefaults(buildAvailabilityProbeEnv(source), extra, source.OPENSHELL_GATEWAY);
+}
+
+export function installedCommandEnvironment(
+  extra: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = {},
+  home = os.homedir(),
+  source: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = process.env,
+): NodeJS.ProcessEnv {
+  const base = buildAvailabilityProbeEnv({ ...source, HOME: home });
+  return withDefaults(withInstalledCliPath(base, home), extra, source.OPENSHELL_GATEWAY);
+}
+
+export function testHomeEnvironment(
+  home: string,
+  extra: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = {},
+  source: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = process.env,
+): NodeJS.ProcessEnv {
+  return installedCommandEnvironment(extra, home, source);
+}
+
+export function sandboxCommandEnvironment(
+  sandboxName: string,
+  extra: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = {},
+  source: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = process.env,
+): NodeJS.ProcessEnv {
+  return commandEnvironment(
+    {
+      NEMOCLAW_RECREATE_SANDBOX: "1",
+      NEMOCLAW_SANDBOX_NAME: sandboxName,
+      ...extra,
+    },
+    source,
+  );
+}
diff --git a/test/e2e/live/bedrock-runtime-compatible-anthropic.test.ts b/test/e2e/live/bedrock-runtime-compatible-anthropic.test.ts
index 1f53550ef4c..af2486c4155 100644
--- a/test/e2e/live/bedrock-runtime-compatible-anthropic.test.ts
+++ b/test/e2e/live/bedrock-runtime-compatible-anthropic.test.ts
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import {
   validateSandboxName,
 } from "../fixtures/clients/sandbox.ts";
 import { expect, test } from "../fixtures/e2e-test.ts";
+import { testHomeEnvironment } from "../fixtures/environment-profiles.ts";
 import { shouldRunLiveE2E } from "../fixtures/live-project-gate.ts";
 import { redactString } from "../fixtures/redaction.ts";
 import {
@@ -134,16 +135,7 @@ function assertAgent(value: string): asserts value is AgentName {
 }
 
 function testEnv(home: string, extra: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = {}): NodeJS.ProcessEnv {
-  const base = buildAvailabilityProbeEnv({ ...process.env, HOME: home });
-  return {
-    ...base,
-    HOME: home,
-    PATH: [path.join(home, ".local", "bin"), base.PATH].filter(Boolean).join(":"),
-    NEMOCLAW_ACCEPT_THIRD_PARTY_SOFTWARE: "1",
-    NEMOCLAW_NON_INTERACTIVE: "1",
-    OPENSHELL_GATEWAY: process.env.OPENSHELL_GATEWAY ?? "nemoclaw",
-    ...extra,
-  };
+  return testHomeEnvironment(home, extra);
 }
 
 function onboardEnv(home: string, agent: AgentName): NodeJS.ProcessEnv {
diff --git a/test/e2e/live/cloud-inference.test.ts b/test/e2e/live/cloud-inference.test.ts
index 5f2574f0653..04abd8c69b5 100644
--- a/test/e2e/live/cloud-inference.test.ts
+++ b/test/e2e/live/cloud-inference.test.ts
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import { buildAvailabilityProbeEnv } from "../fixtures/availability-env.ts";
 import type { HostCliClient } from "../fixtures/clients/host.ts";
 import { type SandboxClient, validateSandboxName } from "../fixtures/clients/sandbox.ts";
 import { expect, test } from "../fixtures/e2e-test.ts";
+import { testHomeEnvironment } from "../fixtures/environment-profiles.ts";
 import { requireHostedInferenceConfig } from "../fixtures/hosted-inference.ts";
 import { shouldRunLiveE2E } from "../fixtures/live-project-gate.ts";
 import type { ShellProbeResult } from "../fixtures/shell-probe.ts";
@@ -86,18 +87,7 @@ async function writePreContractExternalProviderSkip(
 }
 
 function testEnv(home: string, extra: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = {}): NodeJS.ProcessEnv {
-  const base = buildAvailabilityProbeEnv();
-  return {
-    ...base,
-    HOME: home,
-    PATH: [path.join(home, ".local", "bin"), path.join(home, ".npm-global", "bin"), base.PATH]
-      .filter(Boolean)
-      .join(":"),
-    NEMOCLAW_NON_INTERACTIVE: "1",
-    NEMOCLAW_ACCEPT_THIRD_PARTY_SOFTWARE: "1",
-    OPENSHELL_GATEWAY: "nemoclaw",
-    ...extra,
-  };
+  return testHomeEnvironment(home, extra, { ...process.env, OPENSHELL_GATEWAY: "nemoclaw" });
 }
 
 async function bestEffort(run: () => Promise<unknown>): Promise<void> {
diff --git a/test/e2e/live/credential-migration.test.ts b/test/e2e/live/credential-migration.test.ts
index aa564bafeff..85d419bf108 100644
--- a/test/e2e/live/credential-migration.test.ts
+++ b/test/e2e/live/credential-migration.test.ts
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { buildAvailabilityProbeEnv } from "../fixtures/availability-env.ts";
 import type { HostCliClient } from "../fixtures/clients/host.ts";
 import { validateSandboxName } from "../fixtures/clients/sandbox.ts";
 import { expect, test } from "../fixtures/e2e-test.ts";
+import { testHomeEnvironment } from "../fixtures/environment-profiles.ts";
 import { requireHostedInferenceConfig } from "../fixtures/hosted-inference.ts";
 import { shouldRunLiveE2E } from "../fixtures/live-project-gate.ts";
 
@@ -40,15 +41,7 @@ function resultText(result: { stdout: string; stderr: string }): string {
 }
 
 function testEnv(home: string, extra: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = {}): NodeJS.ProcessEnv {
-  const base = buildAvailabilityProbeEnv();
-  return {
-    ...base,
-    HOME: home,
-    PATH: [path.join(home, ".local", "bin"), base.PATH].filter(Boolean).join(":"),
-    NEMOCLAW_NON_INTERACTIVE: "1",
-    NEMOCLAW_ACCEPT_THIRD_PARTY_SOFTWARE: "1",
-    ...extra,
-  };
+  return testHomeEnvironment(home, extra);
 }
 
 async function bestEffort(run: () => Promise<unknown>): Promise<void> {
diff --git a/test/e2e/live/credential-sanitization.test.ts b/test/e2e/live/credential-sanitization.test.ts
index ceca327dee9..b3eebd0257c 100644
--- a/test/e2e/live/credential-sanitization.test.ts
+++ b/test/e2e/live/credential-sanitization.test.ts
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import { buildAvailabilityProbeEnv } from "../fixtures/availability-env.ts";
 import type { HostCliClient } from "../fixtures/clients/host.ts";
 import { type SandboxClient, validateSandboxName } from "../fixtures/clients/sandbox.ts";
 import { expect, test } from "../fixtures/e2e-test.ts";
+import { testHomeEnvironment } from "../fixtures/environment-profiles.ts";
 
 const REPO_ROOT = path.resolve(import.meta.dirname, "../../..");
 const CLI_ENTRYPOINT = path.join(REPO_ROOT, "bin", "nemoclaw.js");
@@ -49,16 +50,7 @@ function resultText(result: CommandText): string {
 }
 
 function testEnv(home: string, extra: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = {}): NodeJS.ProcessEnv {
-  const base = buildAvailabilityProbeEnv();
-  return {
-    ...base,
-    HOME: home,
-    PATH: [path.join(home, ".local", "bin"), base.PATH].filter(Boolean).join(":"),
-    NEMOCLAW_NON_INTERACTIVE: "1",
-    NEMOCLAW_ACCEPT_THIRD_PARTY_SOFTWARE: "1",
-    OPENSHELL_GATEWAY: process.env.OPENSHELL_GATEWAY ?? "nemoclaw",
-    ...extra,
-  };
+  return testHomeEnvironment(home, extra);
 }
 
 async function bestEffort(run: () => Promise<unknown>): Promise<void> {
diff --git a/test/e2e/live/diagnostics.test.ts b/test/e2e/live/diagnostics.test.ts
index 041b87f7ed1..5b34407497a 100644
--- a/test/e2e/live/diagnostics.test.ts
+++ b/test/e2e/live/diagnostics.test.ts
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import path from "node:path";
 import { buildAvailabilityProbeEnv } from "../fixtures/availability-env.ts";
 import { validateSandboxName } from "../fixtures/clients/sandbox.ts";
 import { expect, test } from "../fixtures/e2e-test.ts";
+import { testHomeEnvironment } from "../fixtures/environment-profiles.ts";
 import { requireHostedInferenceConfig } from "../fixtures/hosted-inference.ts";
 import { shouldRunLiveE2E } from "../fixtures/live-project-gate.ts";
 import type { ShellProbeResult } from "../fixtures/shell-probe.ts";
@@ -73,19 +74,12 @@ function runRawNodeCliForLeakAssertion(
 }
 
 function testEnv(home: string, extra: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = {}): NodeJS.ProcessEnv {
-  const base = buildAvailabilityProbeEnv();
-  return {
-    ...base,
-    HOME: home,
-    PATH: [path.join(home, ".local", "bin"), base.PATH].filter(Boolean).join(":"),
-    NEMOCLAW_NON_INTERACTIVE: "1",
-    NEMOCLAW_ACCEPT_THIRD_PARTY_SOFTWARE: "1",
+  return testHomeEnvironment(home, {
     NEMOCLAW_RECREATE_SANDBOX: "1",
     NEMOCLAW_SANDBOX_NAME: SANDBOX_NAME,
     NEMOCLAW_DISABLE_GATEWAY_DRIFT_PREFLIGHT: "1",
-    OPENSHELL_GATEWAY: process.env.OPENSHELL_GATEWAY ?? "nemoclaw",
     ...extra,
-  };
+  });
 }
 
 async function bestEffort(run: () => Promise<unknown>): Promise<void> {
diff --git a/test/e2e/live/openclaw-skill-cli.test.ts b/test/e2e/live/openclaw-skill-cli.test.ts
index b9e4eb46547..452066cd74a 100644
--- a/test/e2e/live/openclaw-skill-cli.test.ts
+++ b/test/e2e/live/openclaw-skill-cli.test.ts
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import {
   validateSandboxName,
 } from "../fixtures/clients/sandbox.ts";
 import { expect, test } from "../fixtures/e2e-test.ts";
+import { testHomeEnvironment } from "../fixtures/environment-profiles.ts";
 import { requireHostedInferenceConfig } from "../fixtures/hosted-inference.ts";
 import { shouldRunLiveE2E } from "../fixtures/live-project-gate.ts";
 import type { ShellProbeResult } from "../fixtures/shell-probe.ts";
@@ -52,18 +53,7 @@ function singleLineSandboxScript(script: string) {
 }
 
 function testEnv(home: string, extra: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = {}): NodeJS.ProcessEnv {
-  const base = buildAvailabilityProbeEnv();
-  return {
-    ...base,
-    HOME: home,
-    PATH: [path.join(home, ".local", "bin"), path.join(home, ".npm-global", "bin"), base.PATH]
-      .filter(Boolean)
-      .join(":"),
-    NEMOCLAW_NON_INTERACTIVE: "1",
-    NEMOCLAW_ACCEPT_THIRD_PARTY_SOFTWARE: "1",
-    OPENSHELL_GATEWAY: process.env.OPENSHELL_GATEWAY ?? "nemoclaw",
-    ...extra,
-  };
+  return testHomeEnvironment(home, extra);
 }
 
 async function bestEffort(run: () => Promise<unknown>): Promise<void> {
diff --git a/test/e2e/support/e2e-environment-profiles.test.ts b/test/e2e/support/e2e-environment-profiles.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..71dd2cec0fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/e2e/support/e2e-environment-profiles.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2026 NVIDIA CORPORATION & AFFILIATES. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+import path from "node:path";
+
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+
+import {
+  commandEnvironment,
+  sandboxCommandEnvironment,
+  testHomeEnvironment,
+} from "../fixtures/environment-profiles.ts";
+
+describe("E2E environment profiles", () => {
+  it("filters the source and lets caller overrides win without mutation", () => {
+    const source = {
+      PATH: "/usr/bin",
+      OPENSHELL_GATEWAY: "source-gateway",
+      UNRELATED_SECRET: "must-not-pass",
+    };
+    const extra = {
+      NEMOCLAW_NON_INTERACTIVE: "override",
+      NVIDIA_INFERENCE_API_KEY: "test-secret-overlay",
+    };
+
+    const result = commandEnvironment(extra, source);
+
+    expect(result).toMatchObject({
+      PATH: "/usr/bin",
+      NEMOCLAW_ACCEPT_THIRD_PARTY_SOFTWARE: "1",
+      NEMOCLAW_NON_INTERACTIVE: "override",
+      NVIDIA_INFERENCE_API_KEY: "test-secret-overlay",
+      OPENSHELL_GATEWAY: "source-gateway",
+    });
+    expect(result.UNRELATED_SECRET).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(source).toEqual({
+      PATH: "/usr/bin",
+      OPENSHELL_GATEWAY: "source-gateway",
+      UNRELATED_SECRET: "must-not-pass",
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("centralizes test HOME CLI paths with caller precedence", () => {
+    const home = path.join(path.sep, "tmp", "nemoclaw-test-home");
+    const result = testHomeEnvironment(home, { HOME: "/override-home" }, { PATH: "/usr/bin" });
+
+    expect(result.HOME).toBe("/override-home");
+    expect(result.PATH?.split(path.delimiter)).toEqual([
+      path.join(home, ".local", "bin"),
+      path.join(home, ".npm-global", "bin"),
+      "/usr/bin",
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it("composes sandbox identity and secret-bearing overlays", () => {
+    const result = sandboxCommandEnvironment(
+      "e2e-profile",
+      {
+        COMPATIBLE_API_KEY: "compatible-secret",
+        NEMOCLAW_RECREATE_SANDBOX: "0",
+      },
+      { PATH: "/usr/bin" },
+    );
+
+    expect(result).toMatchObject({
+      COMPATIBLE_API_KEY: "compatible-secret",
+      NEMOCLAW_RECREATE_SANDBOX: "0",
+      NEMOCLAW_SANDBOX_NAME: "e2e-profile",
+      OPENSHELL_GATEWAY: "nemoclaw",
+    });
+  });
+});