diff --git a/pyshield/_config.py b/pyshield/_config.py
index 2be7cf02..b8cfe547 100644
--- a/pyshield/_config.py
+++ b/pyshield/_config.py
@@ -67,9 +67,6 @@ class PhysicsConfig:
     nwat: int = DEFAULT_INT
     schemes: List = None
     ntracers: int = int(len(tracer_variables))
-    ntiw: int = DEFAULT_INT
-    ntcw: int = DEFAULT_INT
-    ntke: int = DEFAULT_INT
     do_qa: bool = DEFAULT_BOOL
     do_inline_mp: bool = False
     """Whether microphysics is inlined in the dycore"""
diff --git a/pyshield/physics_state.py b/pyshield/physics_state.py
index 5a413639..c28835a7 100644
--- a/pyshield/physics_state.py
+++ b/pyshield/physics_state.py
@@ -487,6 +487,7 @@ def init_from_storages(
                         _field.metadata["units"],
                         origin=sizer.get_origin(dims),
                         extent=sizer.get_extent(dims),
+                        backend=quantity_factory.backend,
                     )
                 else:
                     quantity = quantity_factory.zeros(
diff --git a/pyshield/radiation/rad_astro.py b/pyshield/radiation/rad_astro.py
index 4842b674..7557df61 100644
--- a/pyshield/radiation/rad_astro.py
+++ b/pyshield/radiation/rad_astro.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import datetime
 import re
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Union
 
 import numpy as np
 
@@ -65,7 +64,7 @@ def date_to_julian(iyear: int, imonth: int, iday: int) -> int:
 
 def read_NOAA_solar_file(
     solar_fname: Path,
-) -> dict[str : Union[float, int, dict[str : Union[int, float, dict[str:float]]]]]:
+) -> dict[str, float | int | dict[str, int | float | dict[str, float]]]:
     """
     function to read in a file of solar constants structured as:
         first_year last_year first_cycle last_cycle mean_value info_string
@@ -98,7 +97,7 @@ def read_NOAA_solar_file(
                 solar_constant_data["icy1"] = int(table_dat[2])
                 solar_constant_data["icy2"] = int(table_dat[3])
                 solar_constant_data["smean"] = float(table_dat[4])
-            elif re.fullmatch(r"^(\*)\1{1,}$", table_dat[0]):
+            elif re.fullmatch(r"^(\*)\1{1,}$", table_dat[0]) is not None:
                 break  # end at the asterisks
             else:
                 year = int(table_dat[0])
@@ -350,7 +349,7 @@ def solar_update(
     deltim: float,
     lsol_chg: bool,
     iyr_sav: int,
-    isolflg: bool,
+    isolflg: int,
     solar_constant_data: dict = None,
 ) -> tuple[float, float, float, float, float, float, int, int]:
     """
diff --git a/pyshield/radiation/rad_gases.py b/pyshield/radiation/rad_gases.py
index 7bb67a84..0b2e8c0d 100644
--- a/pyshield/radiation/rad_gases.py
+++ b/pyshield/radiation/rad_gases.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import os
 import re
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Union
 
 import numpy as np
 
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@
 F113VMR_DEF = 8.2000e-11  # gfdl 1999 value
 
 
-def read_global_annual_co2(co2gbl_file: Path) -> dict[str : Union[Float, Int]]:
+def read_global_annual_co2(co2gbl_file: Path) -> dict[str, Float | Int]:
     """
     Function to read a text file of CO2 global half-yearly means
     and growth rates into a model.
@@ -62,7 +61,7 @@ def read_global_annual_co2(co2gbl_file: Path) -> dict[str : Union[Float, Int]]:
 
 def read_monthly_resolved_co2(
     co2dat_file: Path,
-) -> tuple[int, dict[Union[str, Int] : Union[Float, list[Float]]]]:
+) -> tuple[int, dict[str | Int, Float | list[Float]]]:
     """
     Function to read a text file of 15-degree CO2 monthly means into a model.
     Assumes a format of:
@@ -103,7 +102,7 @@ def read_monthly_resolved_co2(
 
 def read_monthly_cycle_co2(
     co2cyc_file: Path,
-) -> dict[Union[str, Int] : Union[Int, Float, dict[str : Union[Float, list[Float]]]]]:
+) -> dict[str | Int, Int | Float | dict[str, Float | list[Float]]]:
     """
     Function to read a text file of 15-degree CO2 monthly deviations into a model.
     Assumes a format of:
@@ -175,7 +174,6 @@ def read_co2_files(input_dir: Path, prefix="") -> tuple[dict, dict, dict]:
     if co2_glob_file.is_file():
         co2_glb_data = read_global_annual_co2(co2_glob_file)
     if monthly_co2_files:
-        co2_mvr_data = {}
         for monthly_file in monthly_co2_files:
             year, data = read_monthly_resolved_co2(input_dir.joinpath(monthly_file))
             co2_mvr_data[year] = data
@@ -242,6 +240,7 @@ def gas_init(
     float,
     float,
     float,
+    float,
     np.ndarray,
     np.ndarray,
     dict,
@@ -336,6 +335,7 @@ def gas_init(
         cfc11,
         cfc12,
         cfc22,
+        cfc113,
         ccl4,
         co2_glb,
         co2_arr,
diff --git a/pyshield/radiation/state.py b/pyshield/radiation/state.py
index c2c0c886..33fbfb24 100644
--- a/pyshield/radiation/state.py
+++ b/pyshield/radiation/state.py
@@ -312,6 +312,7 @@ def init_from_storages(
                         _field.metadata["units"],
                         origin=sizer.get_origin(dims),
                         extent=sizer.get_extent(dims),
+                        backend=quantity_factory.backend,
                     )
                 else:
                     quantity = quantity_factory.zeros(
@@ -358,7 +359,7 @@ def to_rterrtmgp_xr(self) -> xr.Dataset:
         for name, field_info in self.__dataclass_fields__.items():
             if name not in ["quantity_factory", "np_like"]:
                 if field_info.metadata["intent"] != "out":
-                    if issubclass(field_info.type, Quantity):
+                    if issubclass(field_info.type, Quantity):  # type: ignore[arg-type]
                         dims = []
                         slice_list = []
                         ndims = len(field_info.metadata["dims"])
@@ -366,22 +367,30 @@ def to_rterrtmgp_xr(self) -> xr.Dataset:
                         for dim_name in field_info.metadata["dims"]:
                             # dims.append(f"{dim_name}_{name}")
                             if dim_name == "z_interface":
-                                slice_list.append(self._np.s_[:])
+                                slice_list.append(
+                                    self._np.s_[:]  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                                )
                                 nz = self._nz + 1
                                 dims.append("level")
                             elif dim_name == "z":
-                                slice_list.append(self._np.s_[:-1])
+                                slice_list.append(
+                                    self._np.s_[:-1]  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                                )
                                 dims.append("layer")
                             elif "INTERFACE" in dim_name:
-                                slice_list.append(self._np.s_[3:-3])
+                                slice_list.append(
+                                    self._np.s_[3:-3]  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                                )
                             else:
-                                slice_list.append(self._np.s_[3:-4])
+                                slice_list.append(
+                                    self._np.s_[3:-4]  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                                )
                         # We have to reshape to get the max 2D shape rterrtmgp expects:
                         if ndims == 3:  # x-y-z array:
                             newshape = (-1, nz)
                             dims.insert(0, "column")
                         elif ndims == 2:  # x-y array:
-                            newshape = (-1,)  # noqa
+                            newshape = (-1,)  # type: ignore[assignment]
                             dims.insert(0, "column")
                         elif ndims == 1:  # z-array
                             newshape == (nz,)
diff --git a/pyshield/stencils/gfdl_cld_microphysics/gfdl_cld_microphysics_state.py b/pyshield/stencils/gfdl_cld_microphysics/gfdl_cld_microphysics_state.py
index 4cabeeeb..2fa20c03 100644
--- a/pyshield/stencils/gfdl_cld_microphysics/gfdl_cld_microphysics_state.py
+++ b/pyshield/stencils/gfdl_cld_microphysics/gfdl_cld_microphysics_state.py
@@ -519,6 +519,7 @@ def init_from_storages(
                         _field.metadata["units"],
                         origin=sizer.get_origin(_field.metadata["dims"]),
                         extent=sizer.get_extent(_field.metadata["dims"]),
+                        backend=quantity_factory.backend,
                     )
         return cls(**inputs)
 
diff --git a/pyshield/stencils/pbl/satmedmfvdiff_state.py b/pyshield/stencils/pbl/satmedmfvdiff_state.py
index 1fe94069..188da496 100644
--- a/pyshield/stencils/pbl/satmedmfvdiff_state.py
+++ b/pyshield/stencils/pbl/satmedmfvdiff_state.py
@@ -358,6 +358,7 @@ def init_from_storages(
                         _field.metadata["units"],
                         origin=sizer.get_origin(dims),
                         extent=sizer.get_extent(dims),
+                        backend=quantity_factory.backend,
                     )
                 else:
                     quantity = quantity_factory.zeros(
diff --git a/pyshield/stencils/shallow_convection/samf_shalconv_state.py b/pyshield/stencils/shallow_convection/samf_shalconv_state.py
index 2b5eb507..f11294ee 100644
--- a/pyshield/stencils/shallow_convection/samf_shalconv_state.py
+++ b/pyshield/stencils/shallow_convection/samf_shalconv_state.py
@@ -222,6 +222,7 @@ def init_from_storages(
                         _field.metadata["units"],
                         origin=sizer.get_origin(dims),
                         extent=sizer.get_extent(dims),
+                        backend=quantity_factory.backend,
                     )
                 else:
                     quantity = quantity_factory.zeros(dims, _field.metadata["units"])
diff --git a/pyshield/stencils/surface/sfc_state.py b/pyshield/stencils/surface/sfc_state.py
index 79fed153..dd9492e2 100644
--- a/pyshield/stencils/surface/sfc_state.py
+++ b/pyshield/stencils/surface/sfc_state.py
@@ -481,6 +481,7 @@ def init_from_storages(
                         _field.metadata["units"],
                         origin=sizer.get_origin(dims),
                         extent=sizer.get_extent(dims),
+                        backend=quantity_factory.backend,
                     )
                 else:
                     quantity = quantity_factory.zeros(
diff --git a/tests/savepoint/translate/translate_fv_update_phys.py b/tests/savepoint/translate/translate_fv_update_phys.py
index 84e4a20c..2e690477 100644
--- a/tests/savepoint/translate/translate_fv_update_phys.py
+++ b/tests/savepoint/translate/translate_fv_update_phys.py
@@ -173,6 +173,7 @@ def compute_parallel(self, inputs, communicator):
                 units="test",
                 origin=(0, 0, 0),
                 extent=storage.shape,
+                backend=self.grid.quantity_factory.backend,
             )
         state = DycoreState(**inputs)
         self._base.compute_func = ApplyPhysicsToDycore(
diff --git a/tests/savepoint/translate/translate_sedimentation.py b/tests/savepoint/translate/translate_sedimentation.py
index 17bd081d..e74343e5 100644
--- a/tests/savepoint/translate/translate_sedimentation.py
+++ b/tests/savepoint/translate/translate_sedimentation.py
@@ -717,12 +717,14 @@ def compute(self, inputs):
                     inputs[var],
                     dims=[X_DIM, Y_DIM, Z_DIM],
                     units="unknown",
+                    backend=self.quantity_factory.backend,
                 )
             elif len(inputs[var].shape) == 2:
                 inputs[var] = Quantity(
                     inputs[var],
                     dims=[X_DIM, Y_DIM],
                     units="unknown",
+                    backend=self.quantity_factory.backend,
                 )
             else:
                 raise TypeError(