diff --git a/packages/agent-core-v2/src/human/test/usage/machine.test.ts b/packages/agent-core-v2/src/human/test/usage/machine.test.ts
index 1e5271fd56..2583cc9f2a 100644
--- a/packages/agent-core-v2/src/human/test/usage/machine.test.ts
+++ b/packages/agent-core-v2/src/human/test/usage/machine.test.ts
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ describe('xstate inspection collector', () => {
     const delivered = envelopes.filter((envelope) => envelope.eventType === 'usage.record');
     expect(delivered.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
     for (const envelope of delivered) {
-      expect(typeof envelope.actorSessionId).toBe('string');
+      expect(typeof envelope.actorId).toBe('string');
       expect(typeof envelope.timestamp).toBe('number');
     }
     expect(delivered.find((envelope) => envelope.type === '@xstate.microstep')?.stateValue).toBeDefined();
diff --git a/packages/agent-core-v2/src/human/xstateInspection.ts b/packages/agent-core-v2/src/human/xstateInspection.ts
index 12671e09e4..f51ee93fd0 100644
--- a/packages/agent-core-v2/src/human/xstateInspection.ts
+++ b/packages/agent-core-v2/src/human/xstateInspection.ts
@@ -5,9 +5,10 @@ export type XstateInspectionEventType = InspectionEvent['type'];
 export interface XstateInspectionEnvelope {
   readonly type: XstateInspectionEventType;
   readonly timestamp: number;
-  readonly actorSessionId: string;
-  readonly actorId?: string;
+  readonly actorId: string;
+  readonly refId?: string;
   readonly logicId?: string;
+  readonly parentActorId?: string;
   readonly eventType?: string;
   readonly stateValue?: unknown;
 }
@@ -24,15 +25,17 @@ function scalar(value: unknown): string | undefined {
 }
 
 function toEnvelope(event: InspectionEvent, now: () => number): XstateInspectionEnvelope {
-  const actorRef = event.actorRef as { id?: unknown; logic?: unknown };
+  const actorRef = event.actorRef as { id?: unknown; logic?: unknown; _parent?: unknown };
   const logic = actorRef.logic as { id?: unknown } | undefined;
+  const parent = actorRef._parent as { sessionId?: unknown } | undefined;
   const snapshot = 'snapshot' in event ? (event.snapshot as { value?: unknown }) : undefined;
   return {
     type: event.type,
     timestamp: now(),
-    actorSessionId: event.actorRef.sessionId,
-    actorId: scalar(actorRef.id),
+    actorId: event.actorRef.sessionId,
+    refId: scalar(actorRef.id),
     logicId: scalar(logic?.id),
+    parentActorId: scalar(parent?.sessionId),
     eventType:
       'event' in event
         ? event.event.type
diff --git a/packages/kap-server/test/wsUpgradeAuth.test.ts b/packages/kap-server/test/wsUpgradeAuth.test.ts
index 3cd4c78c2a..f8980ca2de 100644
--- a/packages/kap-server/test/wsUpgradeAuth.test.ts
+++ b/packages/kap-server/test/wsUpgradeAuth.test.ts
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ describe('WS upgrade auth', () => {
         });
         expect(envelope['type']).toBe('@xstate.event');
         expect(envelope['logicId']).toBe('debugWsProbe');
-        expect(typeof envelope['actorSessionId']).toBe('string');
+        expect(typeof envelope['actorId']).toBe('string');
         expect(typeof envelope['timestamp']).toBe('number');
       } finally {
         await server.close();