\kern fixes, \hskip support, \TeX, \LaTeX, \KaTeX #974

edemaine · 2017-11-19T22:03:29Z

This PR does a lot of cleanup on \kern-related functions, and defines \TeX and \LaTeX macros (fixing #224). It also proposes a possible replacement to \KaTeX (needs discussion).

In more detail:

Move \kern, \mkern into functions directory (and use new defineFuction interface)
Add \hskip, \mskip support (but without supporting plus/minus -- this should be a future issue)
Properly separate \kern, \hskip from \mkern, \mskip.
(The former work in both modes, and don't support mu units.
The latter work only in math mode and only support mu units.)
Render horizontal spacing commands (such as \kern) using MathML <mspace>.
Previously this was rendered as an empty <mrow> with a TODO by @kevinbarabash to figure it out.
Implement \TeX macro identical to LaTeX's definition using \raisebox and \kern.
Implement \LaTeX macro roughly identical to LaTeX's definition (using \raisebox instead of a vertical box with a fill to get top alignment). Comments welcome, but I think this is a pretty good solution for now.
I tried implementing a new \KaTeX logo using a similar macro (now that we have all these features), instead of the large body of code in src/functions/katex.js and static/katex.less. It's currently defined as \katex so that you can check out this branch and compare the two:

I'd like to suggest that this definition replace the old \KaTeX, to reduce code complexity, but this definitely needs discussion. Note the spacing is a little different, because it seemed natural to me to more closely match the spacing in \LaTeX. Feel free to disagree!

Incidentally, this is also a step toward implementing \KaTeX in LaTeX, as mentioned in List LaTeX packages that make LaTeX behave most like KaTeX #793. (The existing definition would be challenging to port.)

kevinbarabash · 2017-11-23T22:05:40Z

Cool!

Properly separate \kern, \hskip from \mkern, \mskip.
(The former work in both modes, and don't support mu units.
The latter work only in math mode and only support mu units.)

I think we'll need to bump the version again as this may break some math that was working for people.

Render horizontal spacing commands (such as \kern) using MathML .
Previously this was rendered as an empty with a TODO by @kevinbarabash to figure it out.

Thanks for figuring this out.

Implement \LaTeX macro roughly identical to LaTeX's definition (using \raisebox instead of a vertical box with a fill to get top alignment). Comments welcome, but I think this is a pretty good solution for now.

Cool. I think some people will be pretty stoked about this.

I tried implementing a new \KaTeX logo using a similar macro (now that we have all these features), instead of the large body of code in src/functions/katex.js and static/katex.less. It's currently defined as \katex so that you can check out this branch and compare the two:

I think the new \katex implementation is closer to the \LaTeX rendering, especially the kerning between the a and the T. It might look better if there was more space between the K and a. Looking at \LaTeX, there's an even amount of space between the L and the a and the a and the T.

kevinbarabash

The kern and skip changes look good. I think the \KaTeX macro needs a little tweaking, but not much.

kevinbarabash · 2017-11-23T22:07:07Z

src/functions/hskip.js

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+//@flow
+// Horizontal spacing commands


Maybe call this file kern.js b/c type: "kern" below... or maybe horizontal-spacing.js.

Good point -- switched to kern.js.

kevinbarabash · 2017-11-23T22:09:44Z

src/functions/hskip.js

+import { calculateSize } from "../units";
+import ParseError from "../ParseError";
+
+// TODO: \hskip and \mskip should support plus and minus in lengths


Good call splitting this out, tbh I'm not sure how to do this, at least for our current HTML layout strategy.

Yeah, definitely for another time. Supporting fil/fill/filll units in plus at least should be possible using Flexbox. That'd be pretty useful -- but for another issue. I've opened #990 to track.

kevinbarabash · 2017-11-23T22:13:38Z

src/macros.js

+//         \kern-.15em%
+//         \TeX}
+// This code roughly aligns the top of the A with the T.  Here we approximate
+// this vertical alignment with a \raisebox{.45ex}, which seems close.


What font size is being selected for the A? Perhaps we could compute the raisebox amount based on the difference in size between the A and the T.

The A should be in the equivalent of \scriptsize, which has a scale of 70%. The height of a T is 0.68333em (according to fontMetricsData.js), so the raisebox should be 0.3 * 0.68333 = 0.204999em. I tried this, and it puts the A slightly higher than what I did, but it matches the LaTeX rendering better! Good thinking. I've pushed code that computes this automatically from the font data instead of hard-coding constants (other than 0.3 which seems safe enough).

Compare this screenshot with others on this page:

And here's LaTeX's rendering:

kevinbarabash · 2017-11-23T22:14:19Z

src/macros.js

+
+// New KaTeX logo based on tweaking LaTeX logo
+defineMacro("\\katex", "\\text{K\\kern-.25em\\raisebox{.45ex}{\\scriptsize A}" +
+                       "\\kern-.15em\\TeX}");


Does K\\kern-.36em even out the spaces around the A?

Nice objective to even out those top spaces. By manual search, I found K\\kern-.16em to balance it out pretty evenly:

http://localhost:7936/?text=%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Br%7D%5Ckatex%5C%5C%5CLaTeX%5C%5C%5CKaTeX%5Cend%7Barray%7D

I feel like the this puts the bottom of the A a little far from the K, though. I tried tweaking the A slightly more to the left, with K\\kern-1.17em:

Preference? This may be nit-picky, but if we're redesigning the logo, we might as well try to get it right. I do find these far more readable than the old logo, which is nice (but also more readable than the LaTeX logo).

I think the top one looks the best. In the bottom one the A is too cramped.

Just to be clear, we're talking about the top logo in the top image vs. the top logo in the bottom image, right? (Bottom logo is the same in both images, the old KaTeX logo.)

I can't tell the difference between the top logos in the two images... whichever you think is better.

ronkok · 2017-11-24T18:12:21Z

Properly separate \kern, \hskip from \mkern, \mskip.

I have, so far, purposely omitted \mkern from the function support page because I thought it might break. Once the behavior of \mkern and \mskip is more reliable, I'll put them into the documentation.

edemaine · 2017-11-24T18:19:31Z

I need to respond about the other issues (thanks for the review, @kevinbarabash!), but one question I have is whether the errors on misuse of \kern (especially) and \mkern (less so) should be turned into warnings. We don't really care about the separation for our purposes, it's just to encourage people to use LaTeX correctly, so maybe a warning is better? (We could still bump the version number, but maybe unnecessary to break existing code that uses \kern{..mu}.)

* Move \kern, \mkern into functions directory * Add \hskip, \mskip support (but without supporting plus/minus) * Properly separate \kern, \hskip from \mkern, \mskip. (The former work in both modes, and don't support mu units. The latter work only in math mode and only support mu units.)

edemaine · 2017-11-25T18:24:23Z

I addressed @kevinbarabash comments (thanks!) and switched from errors to warning when misusing mu units/mkern (and rebased to remove conflict). I kept it an error to use \mkern/\mskip outside math mode, because this seems natural, and previously no kern/skip commands worked in text mode at all (which was a bug).

This should be ready for review again, and maybe one more iteration on exact spacing of the logos. Then I'd suggest that I delete the old \KaTeX code and replace it with the new macro. (This is technically another backwards incompatibility, though I can't imagine it causing too much trouble... we could do it more slowly if desired, or provide a \KaTeXold or something...)

edemaine · 2017-11-27T15:07:16Z

Here's a texdiff for \LaTeX and \TeX (red is KaTeX, green is LaTeX):

It appears to me that the A is slightly smaller in KaTeX, which causes the horizontal shift of the L. I don't understand why; I confirmed that the A is in a font size exactly 70% of the T, and LaTeX says the same in its rendering:

\hbox(0.0+0.0)x15.0
\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 L
\kern -3.6
\vbox(6.83331+0.0)x5.90282, glue set 2.04997fil
.\hbox(4.78334+0.0)x5.90282
..\OT1/cmr/m/n/7 A
.\glue 0.0 plus 1.0fil minus 1.0fil
\kern -1.49994
\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 T
\kern -1.66702
\hbox(6.83331+0.0)x6.80557, shifted 2.15277
.\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 E
\kern -1.25
\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 X
spacefactor 1000

I also notice that there's some difference between Chrome vs. Firefox rendering (notice height of A):

vs.

Personally I'd be OK with leaving it as is, as I'm running out of ideas (and time) for how to improve it, it matches the definition, and the rendering is reasonably close now.

I've committed this as a new screenshot test so that it can be explored later. I also switched over \KaTeX to the new macro, and deleted the old function code. So now the latest choice for the KaTeX logo is in the screenshot test.

kevinbarabash

LGTM. I love how macros help reduce the amount of the code we have to ship!

kevinbarabash · 2017-11-27T15:29:20Z

@edemaine I'm not sure why all of the fonts screenshot tests are failing. 😕

edemaine · 2017-11-27T17:10:12Z

@kevinbarabash Turns out those screenshots all have \KaTeX in them, so it makes sense (in hindsight). I can see their purpose: \KaTeX is supposed to reset the font. The new version doesn't -- I'm working on fixing.

edemaine · 2017-11-27T17:16:48Z

OK, should be all fixed now.

kevinbarabash · 2017-11-27T19:40:34Z

@edemaine thanks for investing and fixing the issue.

Update `test/screenshotter/test.tex`'s definition of `\KaTeX` macro to match the metrics of `src/macros.js`'s definition of `\KaTeX`, and thereby fix KaTeX#1703. I just changed the `\kern` metrics to match the update from KaTeX#974, and left the font selection code to match LaTeX's definition of `\LaTeX`.

Update `test/screenshotter/test.tex`'s definition of `\KaTeX` macro to match the metrics of `src/macros.js`'s definition of `\KaTeX`, and thereby fix #1703. I just changed the `\kern` metrics to match the update from #974, and left the font selection code to match LaTeX's definition of `\LaTeX`.

edemaine mentioned this pull request Nov 21, 2017

Not possible to emulate pmatrix/bmatrix with column separators #971

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kevinbarabash reviewed Nov 23, 2017

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edemaine mentioned this pull request Nov 25, 2017

Support plus/minus in lengths e.g. \hfill #990

Open

edemaine added 9 commits November 25, 2017 13:18

Render \kern etc. using MathML <mspace>

59ab47f

Implement \TeX macro

ce6ded7

Implement \LaTeX

528b448

New KaTeX logo \katex

b613d20

Rename hskip.js -> kern.js

74594de

Tweak katex \kern to 0.16em

a7f2de0

\katex kern -.17em

35bb73d

Compute A raise height in \LaTeX and \katex

27e95b8

edemaine force-pushed the kern branch from 178f0f1 to 27e95b8 Compare November 25, 2017 18:18

Switch mu unit errors to warnings

a5c0bd5

edemaine added 2 commits November 27, 2017 09:59

LaTeX screenshot test

94c4267

Replace \KaTeX with macro definition

24c6d1d

kevinbarabash approved these changes Nov 27, 2017

View reviewed changes

Merge branch 'master' into kern

6285a56

Update screenshots with \KaTeX in them

ecd348e

Fix font selection for \*TeX macros

a9e076f

kevinbarabash merged commit 7036eb8 into KaTeX:master Nov 27, 2017

edemaine mentioned this pull request Nov 28, 2017

\LaTeX not rendered #224

Closed

edemaine mentioned this pull request Jun 27, 2018

Better MathML support in macros #1452

Closed

edemaine mentioned this pull request Feb 4, 2019

Fix \KaTeX macro definition in tests #1843

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