fix trailing indices stackoverflow in reinterpreted array (#58293)

would fix #57170, fix
#54623

@nanosoldier `runbenchmarks("array", vs=":master")`

Author: adienes

base/reinterpretarray.jl

@@ -314,13 +314,13 @@ end
 _maybe_reshape(::IndexSCartesian2, A::ReshapedReinterpretArray, I...) = A
 
 # fallbacks
-function _getindex(::IndexSCartesian2, A::AbstractArray{T,N}, I::Vararg{Int, N}) where {T,N}
+function _getindex(::IndexSCartesian2, A::AbstractArray, I::Vararg{Int, N}) where {N}
     @_propagate_inbounds_meta
-    getindex(A, I...)
+    _getindex(IndexCartesian(), A, I...)
 end
-function _setindex!(::IndexSCartesian2, A::AbstractArray{T,N}, v, I::Vararg{Int, N}) where {T,N}
+function _setindex!(::IndexSCartesian2, A::AbstractArray, v, I::Vararg{Int, N}) where {N}
     @_propagate_inbounds_meta
-    setindex!(A, v, I...)
+    _setindex!(IndexCartesian(), A, v, I...)
 end
 # fallbacks for array types that use "pass-through" indexing (e.g., `IndexStyle(A) = IndexStyle(parent(A))`)
 # but which don't handle SCartesianIndex2

test/reinterpretarray.jl

@@ -325,6 +325,23 @@ test_many_wrappers(fill(1.0, 5, 3), (identity, wrapper)) do a_
         @test r[goodinds...] == -5
     end
 end
+
+let a = rand(ComplexF32, 5)
+    r = reinterpret(reshape, Float32, a)
+    ref = Array(r)
+
+    @test r[1, :, 1]        == ref[1, :]
+    @test r[1, :, 1, 1, 1]  == ref[1, :]
+    @test r[1, :, UInt8(1)] == ref[1, :]
+
+    r[2, :, 1] .= 0f0
+    ref[2,  :] .= 0f0
+    @test r[2, :, 1] == ref[2, :]
+
+    @test r[4] == ref[4]
+    @test_throws BoundsError r[1, :, 2]
+end
+
 let ar = [(1,2), (3,4)]
     arr = reinterpret(reshape, Int, ar)
     @test @inferred(IndexStyle(arr)) == Base.IndexSCartesian2{2}()
@@ -612,3 +629,9 @@ let R = reinterpret(reshape, Float32, ComplexF32[1.0f0+2.0f0*im, 4.0f0+3.0f0*im]
     @test !isassigned(R, 5)
     @test Array(R)::Matrix{Float32} == [1.0f0 4.0f0; 2.0f0 3.0f0]
 end
+
+@testset "issue #54623" begin
+    x = 0xabcdef01234567
+    @test reinterpret(reshape, UInt8, fill(x)) == [0x67, 0x45, 0x23, 0x01, 0xef, 0xcd, 0xab, 0x00]
+    @test reinterpret(reshape, UInt8, [x]) == [0x67; 0x45; 0x23; 0x01; 0xef; 0xcd; 0xab; 0x00;;]
+end