Download this file as a PDF document here.
As of release 1.2.0, users might consider installing by downloading and uncompressing a file from our Releases page and running the installation script in the top-level source directory:
tar xvzf OpenCoarrays-x.y.z.tar.gz
cd OpenCoarrays-x.y.z
./install.sh
where x.y.z should be replaced with the appropriate version numbers. For a scripted or unattended build, use
./install.sh -y or equivalently ./install.sh --yes-to-all, which will assume affirmative answers
to all user prompts and will only prompt the user if an installation directory is chosen that requires
sudo privelenges (by passing -i or equivalently --install-prefix).
Before installing OpenCoarrays, the above bash script will attempt to detect the presence of the default prerequisite packages: GCC, MPICH , and CMake. For additional details, see the Prerequisites section. If any of the aforementioned packages appear to be absent from the user's PATH environment variable, the install.sh script will attempt to download, build, and install any missing packages after asking permission to do so. The script has been tested on Linux and OS X. Please submit any related problems or questions to our Issues page.
A complete installation should result in the creation of the following directories
inside the installation path (.e.g, inside build in the above example):
bin: contains the compiler wrapper (caf), program launcher (cafun), and prerequisites builder (build)mod: contains theopencoarrays.modmodule file for use with non-OpenCoarrays-aware compilerslib: contains thelibcaf_mpi.astatic library to which codes link for CAF support
The remainder of this document explains other options that many end users will find simplest to obtain OpenCoarrays on OS X, Windows, or Linux without building OpenCoarrays from its source code.
OS X users might find it easiest to install OpenCoarrays using the MacPorts package management system. After installing MacPorts, type the following:
sudo port selfupdate
sudo port upgrade outdated
sudo port install opencoarrays
where the sudo command requires administrator privileges and where the first
two steps above are required only if the MacPorts ports were last updated prior
to 30 September 2015, when the OpenCoarrays port was incorporated into MacPorts.
Repeating the first two steps above will also update OpenCoarrays to the latest
release.
Please also install the mpstats port as follows:
sudo port install mpstats
which supports future OpenCoarrays development by providing download data the OpenCoarrays team can use in proposals for research grants and development contracts.
Windows users will find it easiest to download the Lubuntu Linux virtual machine from the Sourcery Institute Store. The virtual machine boots inside the open-source VirtualBox virtualization package. In addition to containing GCC 4.9, 5.2, and 6.0, MPICH, OpenMPI, and OpenCoarrays, the virtual machine contains dozens of other open-source software packages that support software development in modern Fortran. See the download and installation instructions for a partial list of the included packages.
Alternatively, if you desire to use OpenCoarrays under Cygwin, please submit a feature request via our Issues page.
The Arch Linux distribution provides an aur package for installing OpenCoarrays. Users of other Linux distributions who prefer not to build OpenCoarrays from source might access OpenCoarrays via the the Lubuntu Linux virtual machine from the Sourcery Institute Store after installing the version of VirtualBox that is suitable for the relevant Linux distribution. Alternatively, if you desire to install using other Linux package management software such as yum or apt-get, please submit a feature request via our Issues page.
The prerequisites below and their dependencies are recommended for the broadest coverage of CAF features. If a prerequisite is missing or outdated, the install.sh script will prompt the user for permission to download, compile, and install it. Before doing so, install.sh will verify whether that prerequisite's prerequisites are present and will recursively traverse the dependency tree until reaching an acceptable prerequisite or reaching the end of a branch.
opencoarrays
├── cmake-3.4.0
└── mpich-3.1.4
└── gcc-6.1.0
├── flex-2.6.0
│ └── bison-3.0.4
│ └── m4-1.4.17
├── gmp
├── mpc
└── mpfr
If using the advanced CMake or Make builds detailed below, please ensure that these dependencies are met before attempting to build and install OpenCoarrays.
As of OpenCoarrays 1.7.6, passing FC=mpi_fortran_wrapper and
CC=mpi_c_wrapper is DEPRECATED. Please pass FC=/path/to/gfortran
and CC=/path/to/gcc. If you are experimenting with the source to
source translation capabilities, then please point FC and CC to
your Fortran and C compilers of choice. In the case of CRAY, or a
compiler in which MPI is built-in to the compiler, you still pass
the FC and CC as the Fortran and C compiler, even though MPI is
built-in.
CMake is the preferred build system. CMake is a cross-platform Makefile generator that includes the testing tool CTest. To avoid cluttering or clobbering the source tree, our CMake setup requires that your build directory be any directory other than the top-level OpenCoarrays source directory. In a bash shell, the following steps should build OpenCoarrays, install OpenCoarrays, build the tests, run the tests, and report the test results:
tar xvzf opencoarrays.tar.gz
cd opencoarrays
mkdir opencoarrays-build
cd opencoarrays-build
CC=gcc FC=gfortran cmake .. -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=${HOME}/packages/
make
ctest
make install
where the the first part of the cmake line sets the CC and FC environment variables
and the final part of the same line defines the installation path as
the packages directory in the current user's $HOME directory. Please report any test failures via the
OpenCoarrays Issues page. Please note that you need a recent
GCC/GFortran, and a recent MPI-3 implementation. If CMake is having
trouble finding the MPI implementation, or is finding the wrong MPI
implementation, you can try setting the MPI_HOME environment
variable to point to the installation you wish to use. If that fails,
you can also try passing the
-DMPI_Fortran_COMPILER=/path/to/mpi/fortran/wrapper/script and
-DMP_C_COMPILER=/path/to/mpi/c/wrapper/script options to CMake.
Advanced options (most users should not use these):
-DMPI_HOME=/path/to/mpi/dir # try to force CMake to find your preferred MPI implementation
# OR
-DMPI_C_COMPILER=/path/to/c/wrapper
-DMPI_Fortran_COMPILER=/path/to/fortran/wrapper
-DLEGACY_ARCHITECTURE=OFF # enables the use of FFT libraries that employ AVX instructions
-DHIGH_RESOLUTION_TIMER=ON # enables timers that tick once per clock cycle
-DCOMPILER_SUPPORTS_ATOMICS # enables support for the proposed Fortran 2015 events feature
-DUSE_EXTENSIONS # builds the opencoarrays module for use with non-OpenCoarrays-aware compilers
-DCOMPILER_PROVIDES_MPI # is set automatically when building with the Cray Compiler Environment
The fourth and fifth flags above are not portable and the sixth enables code that is incomplete as of release 1.0.0. The eighth is set automatically by the CMake scripts based on the compiler identity and version.
Unlike the Makefiles that CMake generates automatically for the chosen platform, static
Makefiles require a great deal more maintenance and are less portable. Also, the static
Makefiles provided with OpenCoarrays lack several important capabilities. In particular,
they will not build the tests; they will not build any of the infrastructure for compiling
CAF source with non-OpenCoarrays-aware compilers (that infrastructure includes the
opencoarrays module, the caf compiler wrapper, and the cafrun program launcher);
nor do the static Makefiles provide a make install option so you will need to manually
move the desired library from the corresponding source directory to your intended installation
location as shown below.
If CMake is unavailable, build and install with Make using steps such as the following:
tar xvzf opencoarrays.tar.gz
cd opencoarray/src
make
mv mpi/libcaf_mpi.a <installation-path>
For the above steps to succeed, you might need to edit the make.inc file to match your
system settings. For example, you might need to remove the -Werror option from the
compiler flags or name a different compiler. In order to activate efficient strided-array
transfer support, uncomment the -DSTRIDED flag inside the make.inc file.
GFortran Binaries 5 binary builds are available at https://gcc.gnu.org/wiki/GFortranBinaries. Also, the Lubuntu Linux virtual machine available for download in the Sourcery Store includes builds of GCC 4.9, 5.2, and 6.0.
To build all prerequisites from source, including the current development branch of GCC, you might first try the running the provided install.sh script as described above in the Installation Script section. Or try building each prerequisite from source as follows:
cd prerequisites
CC=gcc FC=gfortran CXX=g++ ./build flex
./build gcc
CC=gcc FC=gfortran CXX=g++ ./build mpich
./build cmake
where the second line builds the flex package that is required for building gcc from source.