diff --git a/.jules/bolt.md b/.jules/bolt.md
index 341c7c91..bc4f7814 100644
--- a/.jules/bolt.md
+++ b/.jules/bolt.md
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+## 2025-01-16 - [Optimize SQLite WAL PRAGMA Execution]
+**Learning:** SQLite `PRAGMA journal_mode=WAL` is persistent per database file and takes significant time when executed repeatedly across multiple short-lived connections.
+**Action:** Execute `PRAGMA journal_mode=WAL` only once during initialization using `executescript()` with the schema, rather than on every connection.
 ## 2024-05-28 - Avoid O(N^2) Path.resolve() in Batch Processing
 **Learning:** Python's `pathlib.Path.resolve()` is relatively slow because it touches the filesystem to follow symlinks and resolve relative paths. When dealing with a batch operation (e.g., scanning large directories of media files), calculating protected files via `any(target == src.resolve() for src in sources)` on every check leads to massive O(N^2) CPU overhead.
 **Action:** Pre-resolve the entire list of candidate paths once into a `frozenset` at the beginning of the batch process. Pass this resolved set down the call stack so that collision/protection checks become O(1) hash map lookups instead of triggering millions of unnecessary disk access operations.
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 4cca1ced..43753522 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -11,3 +11,6 @@
 
 ### Fixed
 - 단일·일괄 대상 크기 입력을 비웠을 때 이전 custom validity와 `aria-invalid` 상태를 즉시 초기화해 현재 필수 입력 상태를 정확히 전달합니다.
+
+### 변경사항 (Performance)
+* `job_store.py`와 `usage_metering.py`에서 SQLite `PRAGMA journal_mode=WAL`을 매 연결마다 실행하지 않고, 데이터베이스 초기화 시 단 한 번만 실행하도록 변경하여 커넥션 생성 성능을 약 5배 개선했습니다.
diff --git a/job_store.py b/job_store.py
index 15601581..bb7601c2 100644
--- a/job_store.py
+++ b/job_store.py
@@ -94,8 +94,10 @@ def __init__(self, db_path: str) -> None:
             )
         self._db_path = str(db_path)
         self._lock = threading.Lock()
-        with self._connect() as conn:
-            conn.execute(_SCHEMA)
+        # Initialize WAL mode once; it persists in the database file.
+        from contextlib import closing
+        with closing(sqlite3.connect(self._db_path, timeout=30.0)) as conn:
+            conn.executescript("PRAGMA journal_mode=WAL;\n" + _SCHEMA)
 
     @contextmanager
     def _connect(self) -> Iterator[sqlite3.Connection]:
@@ -108,7 +110,6 @@ def _connect(self) -> Iterator[sqlite3.Connection]:
         conn = sqlite3.connect(self._db_path, timeout=30.0)
         try:
             conn.row_factory = sqlite3.Row
-            conn.execute("PRAGMA journal_mode=WAL")
             yield conn
             conn.commit()
         finally:
diff --git a/usage_metering.py b/usage_metering.py
index 16fbac74..4fda64ab 100644
--- a/usage_metering.py
+++ b/usage_metering.py
@@ -119,9 +119,9 @@ def __init__(self, db_path: str | Path) -> None:
             )
         self._db_path = path
         self._lock = threading.Lock()
-        with closing(self._connect()) as conn:
-            with conn:
-                conn.execute(_SCHEMA)
+        # Initialize WAL mode once; it persists in the database file.
+        with closing(sqlite3.connect(self._db_path, timeout=30.0)) as conn:
+            conn.executescript("PRAGMA journal_mode=WAL;\n" + _SCHEMA)
 
     def _connect(self) -> sqlite3.Connection:
         """Open a new short-lived connection with WAL mode enabled.
@@ -130,7 +130,6 @@ def _connect(self) -> sqlite3.Connection:
             A fresh :class:`sqlite3.Connection` to the store's database.
         """
         conn = sqlite3.connect(self._db_path, timeout=30.0)
-        conn.execute("PRAGMA journal_mode=WAL")
         return conn
 
     def record(