diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/bb/main.cpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/bb/main.cpp
index 0f7c839efd77..a4d422b9baf0 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/bb/main.cpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/bb/main.cpp
@@ -896,8 +896,8 @@ void avm_prove(const std::filesystem::path& bytecode_path,
     vinfo("hints.externalcall_hints size: ", avm_hints.externalcall_hints.size());
     vinfo("hints.contract_instance_hints size: ", avm_hints.contract_instance_hints.size());
 
-    // Hardcoded circuit size for now, with enough to support 16-bit range checks
-    init_bn254_crs(1 << 17);
+    vinfo("initializing crs with size: ", avm_trace::Execution::SRS_SIZE);
+    init_bn254_crs(avm_trace::Execution::SRS_SIZE);
 
     // Prove execution and return vk
     auto const [verification_key, proof] =
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm_trace/avm_execution.cpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm_trace/avm_execution.cpp
index de3f5151c193..81aefd531879 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm_trace/avm_execution.cpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm_trace/avm_execution.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "barretenberg/vm/avm_trace/avm_execution.hpp"
 #include "barretenberg/bb/log.hpp"
 #include "barretenberg/common/serialize.hpp"
+#include "barretenberg/common/throw_or_abort.hpp"
 #include "barretenberg/numeric/uint256/uint256.hpp"
 #include "barretenberg/vm/avm_trace/avm_common.hpp"
 #include "barretenberg/vm/avm_trace/avm_deserialization.hpp"
@@ -124,6 +125,11 @@ std::tuple<AvmFlavor::VerificationKey, HonkProof> Execution::prove(std::vector<u
     auto circuit_builder = bb::AvmCircuitBuilder();
     circuit_builder.set_trace(std::move(trace));
 
+    if (circuit_builder.get_circuit_subgroup_size() > SRS_SIZE) {
+        throw_or_abort("Circuit subgroup size (" + std::to_string(circuit_builder.get_circuit_subgroup_size()) +
+                       ") exceeds SRS_SIZE (" + std::to_string(SRS_SIZE) + ")");
+    }
+
     AVM_TRACK_TIME("prove/check_circuit", circuit_builder.check_circuit());
 
     auto composer = AvmComposer();
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm_trace/avm_execution.hpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm_trace/avm_execution.hpp
index e9df9f569f05..18ec36e626fb 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm_trace/avm_execution.hpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm_trace/avm_execution.hpp
@@ -14,6 +14,10 @@ namespace bb::avm_trace {
 
 class Execution {
   public:
+    // Hardcoded circuit size for now, with enough to support 16-bit range checks and more.
+    // The SRS size is expected to be ~67MB at this size.
+    static constexpr size_t SRS_SIZE = 1 << 20;
+
     Execution() = default;
 
     static std::vector<FF> getDefaultPublicInputs();