diff --git a/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_mempool_limit.test.ts b/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_mempool_limit.test.ts
index a6649b39bfad..a158c05540f7 100644
--- a/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_mempool_limit.test.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/e2e_mempool_limit.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import { AztecAddress } from '@aztec/aztec.js/addresses';
 import { NO_WAIT } from '@aztec/aztec.js/contracts';
 import { TxStatus } from '@aztec/aztec.js/tx';
-import { retryUntil } from '@aztec/foundation/retry';
 import { TokenContract } from '@aztec/noir-contracts.js/Token';
 import type { AztecNode, AztecNodeAdmin } from '@aztec/stdlib/interfaces/client';
 
@@ -70,24 +69,9 @@ describe('e2e_mempool_limit', () => {
       expect.objectContaining({ status: TxStatus.PENDING }),
     );
 
-    const txHash3 = await tx3.send({ wait: NO_WAIT });
-
-    const txDropped = await retryUntil(
-      async () => {
-        // one of the txs will be dropped. Which one is picked is somewhat random because all three will have the same fee
-        const receipts = await Promise.all([
-          aztecNode.getTxReceipt(txHash1),
-          aztecNode.getTxReceipt(txHash2),
-          aztecNode.getTxReceipt(txHash3),
-        ]);
-        const numPending = receipts.reduce((count, r) => (r.status === TxStatus.PENDING ? count + 1 : count), 0);
-        return numPending < 3;
-      },
-      'Waiting for one of the txs to be evicted from the mempool',
-      60,
-      1,
-    );
-
-    expect(txDropped).toBe(true);
+    // tx3 should be rejected because pool is at capacity and its priority is not higher than existing txs
+    await expect(tx3.send({ wait: NO_WAIT })).rejects.toMatchObject({
+      data: { code: 'LOW_PRIORITY_FEE' },
+    });
   });
 });
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/p2p_client.test.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/p2p_client.test.ts
index 25200df67014..c4ffc3fa35e6 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/p2p_client.test.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/p2p_client.test.ts
@@ -133,6 +133,29 @@ describe('P2P Client', () => {
     await client.stop();
   });
 
+  it('throws TxPoolError with structured reason when pool rejects tx', async () => {
+    await client.start();
+    const tx1 = await mockTx();
+    const txHashStr = tx1.getTxHash().toString();
+    const errors = new Map();
+    errors.set(txHashStr, {
+      code: 'LOW_PRIORITY_FEE',
+      message: 'Tx does not meet minimum priority fee',
+      minimumPriorityFee: 101n,
+      txPriorityFee: 50n,
+    });
+    txPool.addPendingTxs.mockResolvedValueOnce({
+      accepted: [],
+      ignored: [tx1.getTxHash()],
+      rejected: [],
+      errors,
+    });
+
+    await expect(client.sendTx(tx1)).rejects.toThrow('Tx does not meet minimum priority fee');
+    expect(p2pService.propagate).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    await client.stop();
+  });
+
   it('rejects txs after being stopped', async () => {
     await client.start();
     const tx1 = await mockTx();
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/p2p_client.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/p2p_client.ts
index 4bcfa04539a3..4851b7bf7bbd 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/p2p_client.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/p2p_client.ts
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ import type { PeerId } from '@libp2p/interface';
 import type { ENR } from '@nethermindeth/enr';
 
 import { type P2PConfig, getP2PDefaultConfig } from '../config.js';
+import { TxPoolError } from '../errors/tx-pool.error.js';
 import type { AttestationPoolApi } from '../mem_pools/attestation_pool/attestation_pool.js';
 import type { MemPools } from '../mem_pools/interface.js';
 import type { TxPoolV2 } from '../mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/interfaces.js';
@@ -585,11 +586,19 @@ export class P2PClient<T extends P2PClientType = P2PClientType.Full>
     const result = await this.txPool.addPendingTxs([tx], { feeComparisonOnly: true });
     if (result.accepted.length === 1) {
       await this.p2pService.propagate(tx);
-    } else {
-      this.log.warn(
-        `Tx ${tx.getTxHash()} not propagated: accepted=${result.accepted.length} ignored=${result.ignored.length} rejected=${result.rejected.length}`,
-      );
+      return;
     }
+
+    const txHashStr = tx.getTxHash().toString();
+    const reason = result.errors?.get(txHashStr);
+    if (reason) {
+      this.log.warn(`Tx ${txHashStr} not added to pool: ${reason.message}`);
+      throw new TxPoolError(reason);
+    }
+
+    this.log.warn(
+      `Tx ${txHashStr} not propagated: accepted=${result.accepted.length} ignored=${result.ignored.length} rejected=${result.rejected.length}`,
+    );
   }
 
   /**
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/errors/tx-pool.error.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/errors/tx-pool.error.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..1b59099757e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/errors/tx-pool.error.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import type { TxPoolRejectionError } from '../mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/interfaces.js';
+
+/** Error thrown when a transaction is not added to the mempool. */
+export class TxPoolError extends Error {
+  public readonly data: TxPoolRejectionError;
+
+  constructor(public readonly reason: TxPoolRejectionError) {
+    super(reason.message);
+    this.name = 'TxPoolError';
+    this.data = reason;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/eviction_manager.test.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/eviction_manager.test.ts
index f7fd0d3252de..974f2e31b6c9 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/eviction_manager.test.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/eviction_manager.test.ts
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import {
   type PoolOperations,
   type PreAddPoolAccess,
   type PreAddRule,
+  TxPoolRejectionCode,
 } from './interfaces.js';
 
 describe('EvictionManager', () => {
@@ -226,10 +227,15 @@ describe('EvictionManager', () => {
     it('returns ignore result immediately when a rule says to ignore', async () => {
       const preAddRule2 = mock<PreAddRule>({ name: 'preAddRule2' });
 
+      const testReason = {
+        code: 'NULLIFIER_CONFLICT' as const,
+        message: 'test reason',
+        conflictingTxHash: '0x9999',
+      };
       preAddRule.check.mockResolvedValue({
         shouldIgnore: true,
         txHashesToEvict: [],
-        reason: 'test reason',
+        reason: testReason,
       });
       preAddRule2.check.mockResolvedValue({
         shouldIgnore: false,
@@ -243,7 +249,7 @@ describe('EvictionManager', () => {
       const result = await evictionManager.runPreAddRules(incomingMeta, poolAccess);
 
       expect(result.shouldIgnore).toBe(true);
-      expect(result.reason).toBe('test reason');
+      expect(result.reason).toEqual(testReason);
       expect(preAddRule.check).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
       // Second rule should not be called since first rule ignored
       expect(preAddRule2.check).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
@@ -351,7 +357,9 @@ describe('EvictionManager', () => {
       const result = await evictionManager.runPreAddRules(incomingMeta, poolAccess);
 
       expect(result.shouldIgnore).toBe(true);
-      expect(result.reason).toContain('failingRule');
+      expect(result.reason).toBeDefined();
+      expect(result.reason!.code).toBe(TxPoolRejectionCode.INTERNAL_ERROR);
+      expect(result.reason!.message).toContain('failingRule');
       expect(result.txHashesToEvict).toHaveLength(0);
       // Second rule should not be called since first rule threw
       expect(preAddRule2.check).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/eviction_manager.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/eviction_manager.ts
index b2a8ad122011..f8245cf4614e 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/eviction_manager.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/eviction_manager.ts
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import {
   type PreAddResult,
   type PreAddRule,
   type TaggedEviction,
+  TxPoolRejectionCode,
 } from './interfaces.js';
 
 /**
@@ -78,7 +79,10 @@ export class EvictionManager {
         return {
           shouldIgnore: true,
           txHashesToEvict: [],
-          reason: `pre-add rule ${rule.name} error: ${err}`,
+          reason: {
+            code: TxPoolRejectionCode.INTERNAL_ERROR,
+            message: `Pre-add rule ${rule.name} error: ${err}`,
+          },
         };
       }
     }
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/fee_payer_balance_pre_add_rule.test.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/fee_payer_balance_pre_add_rule.test.ts
index 1c7898a3491e..b103c0ef404f 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/fee_payer_balance_pre_add_rule.test.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/fee_payer_balance_pre_add_rule.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { type TxMetaData, stubTxMetaValidationData } from '../tx_metadata.js';
 import { FeePayerBalancePreAddRule } from './fee_payer_balance_pre_add_rule.js';
-import type { PreAddPoolAccess } from './interfaces.js';
+import { type PreAddPoolAccess, TxPoolRejectionCode } from './interfaces.js';
 
 describe('FeePayerBalancePreAddRule', () => {
   let rule: FeePayerBalancePreAddRule;
@@ -63,7 +63,12 @@ describe('FeePayerBalancePreAddRule', () => {
 
         expect(result.shouldIgnore).toBe(true);
         expect(result.txHashesToEvict).toHaveLength(0);
-        expect(result.reason).toContain('insufficient balance');
+        expect(result.reason).toBeDefined();
+        expect(result.reason!.code).toBe(TxPoolRejectionCode.INSUFFICIENT_FEE_PAYER_BALANCE);
+        if (result.reason!.code === TxPoolRejectionCode.INSUFFICIENT_FEE_PAYER_BALANCE) {
+          expect(result.reason!.currentBalance).toBe(50n);
+          expect(result.reason!.feeLimit).toBe(100n);
+        }
       });
 
       it('accepts tx when balance exactly equals fee limit', async () => {
@@ -108,7 +113,8 @@ describe('FeePayerBalancePreAddRule', () => {
         const result = await rule.check(incomingMeta, poolAccess);
 
         expect(result.shouldIgnore).toBe(true);
-        expect(result.reason).toContain('insufficient balance');
+        expect(result.reason).toBeDefined();
+        expect(result.reason!.code).toBe(TxPoolRejectionCode.INSUFFICIENT_FEE_PAYER_BALANCE);
       });
 
       it('evicts lower-priority existing tx when high-priority tx is added', async () => {
@@ -263,7 +269,8 @@ describe('FeePayerBalancePreAddRule', () => {
 
         expect(result.shouldIgnore).toBe(true);
         expect(result.reason).toBeDefined();
-        expect(result.reason).toContain('insufficient balance');
+        expect(result.reason!.code).toBe(TxPoolRejectionCode.INSUFFICIENT_FEE_PAYER_BALANCE);
+        expect(result.reason!.message).toContain('insufficient balance');
       });
     });
   });
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/fee_payer_balance_pre_add_rule.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/fee_payer_balance_pre_add_rule.ts
index daa5ce665cfc..0cdebb94948d 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/fee_payer_balance_pre_add_rule.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/fee_payer_balance_pre_add_rule.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
 import { createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 
 import { type TxMetaData, comparePriority } from '../tx_metadata.js';
-import type { PreAddContext, PreAddPoolAccess, PreAddResult, PreAddRule } from './interfaces.js';
+import {
+  type PreAddContext,
+  type PreAddPoolAccess,
+  type PreAddResult,
+  type PreAddRule,
+  TxPoolRejectionCode,
+} from './interfaces.js';
 
 /**
  * Pre-add rule that checks if a fee payer has sufficient balance to cover the incoming transaction.
@@ -78,7 +84,13 @@ export class FeePayerBalancePreAddRule implements PreAddRule {
           return {
             shouldIgnore: true,
             txHashesToEvict: [],
-            reason: `fee payer ${incomingMeta.feePayer} has insufficient balance`,
+            reason: {
+              code: TxPoolRejectionCode.INSUFFICIENT_FEE_PAYER_BALANCE,
+              message: `Fee payer ${incomingMeta.feePayer} has insufficient balance. Balance at transaction: ${available}, required: ${incomingMeta.feeLimit}`,
+              currentBalance: initialBalance,
+              availableBalance: available,
+              feeLimit: incomingMeta.feeLimit,
+            },
           };
         } else {
           // Existing tx cannot be covered after adding incoming - mark for eviction
@@ -93,7 +105,6 @@ export class FeePayerBalancePreAddRule implements PreAddRule {
       return {
         shouldIgnore: true,
         txHashesToEvict: [],
-        reason: 'internal error: tx coverage not determined',
       };
     }
 
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/index.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/index.ts
index e084e02039d8..79abcdc12812 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/index.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/index.ts
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ export {
   type PreAddResult,
   type PreAddRule,
   type TaggedEviction,
+  TxPoolRejectionCode,
+  type TxPoolRejectionError,
 } from './interfaces.js';
 
 // Pre-add rules
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/interfaces.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/interfaces.ts
index ab5af10718cf..32135758973d 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/interfaces.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/interfaces.ts
@@ -73,6 +73,36 @@ export interface TaggedEviction {
   readonly reason: string;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Machine-readable rejection codes for pre-add rule rejections.
+ */
+export const TxPoolRejectionCode = {
+  LOW_PRIORITY_FEE: 'LOW_PRIORITY_FEE',
+  INSUFFICIENT_FEE_PAYER_BALANCE: 'INSUFFICIENT_FEE_PAYER_BALANCE',
+  NULLIFIER_CONFLICT: 'NULLIFIER_CONFLICT',
+  INTERNAL_ERROR: 'INTERNAL_ERROR',
+} as const;
+
+export type TxPoolRejectionCode = (typeof TxPoolRejectionCode)[keyof typeof TxPoolRejectionCode];
+
+/** Structured rejection reason returned by pre-add rules. */
+export type TxPoolRejectionError =
+  | {
+      code: typeof TxPoolRejectionCode.LOW_PRIORITY_FEE;
+      message: string;
+      minimumPriorityFee: bigint;
+      txPriorityFee: bigint;
+    }
+  | {
+      code: typeof TxPoolRejectionCode.INSUFFICIENT_FEE_PAYER_BALANCE;
+      message: string;
+      currentBalance: bigint;
+      availableBalance: bigint;
+      feeLimit: bigint;
+    }
+  | { code: typeof TxPoolRejectionCode.NULLIFIER_CONFLICT; message: string; conflictingTxHash: string }
+  | { code: typeof TxPoolRejectionCode.INTERNAL_ERROR; message: string };
+
 /**
  * Result of a pre-add check for a single transaction.
  */
@@ -84,7 +114,7 @@ export interface PreAddResult {
   /** Evictions tagged with the rule name that produced them. Populated by EvictionManager. */
   readonly evictions?: TaggedEviction[];
   /** Optional reason for ignoring */
-  readonly reason?: string;
+  readonly reason?: TxPoolRejectionError;
 }
 
 /** Context passed to pre-add rules from addPendingTxs. */
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/low_priority_pre_add_rule.test.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/low_priority_pre_add_rule.test.ts
index e2fc58850110..2e61088b3b5b 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/low_priority_pre_add_rule.test.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/low_priority_pre_add_rule.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { type TxMetaData, comparePriority, stubTxMetaValidationData } from '../tx_metadata.js';
-import type { PreAddContext, PreAddPoolAccess } from './interfaces.js';
+import { type PreAddContext, type PreAddPoolAccess, TxPoolRejectionCode } from './interfaces.js';
 import { LowPriorityPreAddRule } from './low_priority_pre_add_rule.js';
 
 describe('LowPriorityPreAddRule', () => {
@@ -101,7 +101,12 @@ describe('LowPriorityPreAddRule', () => {
 
         expect(result.shouldIgnore).toBe(true);
         expect(result.txHashesToEvict).toHaveLength(0);
-        expect(result.reason).toContain('lower priority');
+        expect(result.reason).toBeDefined();
+        expect(result.reason!.code).toBe(TxPoolRejectionCode.LOW_PRIORITY_FEE);
+        if (result.reason!.code === TxPoolRejectionCode.LOW_PRIORITY_FEE) {
+          expect(result.reason!.minimumPriorityFee).toBe(101n);
+          expect(result.reason!.txPriorityFee).toBe(50n);
+        }
       });
 
       it('ignores tx when incoming has equal priority to lowest', async () => {
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/low_priority_pre_add_rule.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/low_priority_pre_add_rule.ts
index fa5cc0360dcd..b4d5ef8382db 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/low_priority_pre_add_rule.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/low_priority_pre_add_rule.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,14 @@
 import { createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 
 import { type TxMetaData, comparePriority } from '../tx_metadata.js';
-import type { EvictionConfig, PreAddContext, PreAddPoolAccess, PreAddResult, PreAddRule } from './interfaces.js';
+import {
+  type EvictionConfig,
+  type PreAddContext,
+  type PreAddPoolAccess,
+  type PreAddResult,
+  type PreAddRule,
+  TxPoolRejectionCode,
+} from './interfaces.js';
 
 /**
  * Pre-add rule that checks if the pool is at capacity and handles low-priority eviction.
@@ -66,7 +73,12 @@ export class LowPriorityPreAddRule implements PreAddRule {
     return Promise.resolve({
       shouldIgnore: true,
       txHashesToEvict: [],
-      reason: `pool at capacity and tx has lower priority than existing transactions`,
+      reason: {
+        code: TxPoolRejectionCode.LOW_PRIORITY_FEE,
+        message: `Tx does not meet minimum priority fee. Required: ${lowestPriorityMeta.priorityFee + 1n}, got: ${incomingMeta.priorityFee}`,
+        minimumPriorityFee: lowestPriorityMeta.priorityFee + 1n,
+        txPriorityFee: incomingMeta.priorityFee,
+      },
     });
   }
 
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/nullifier_conflict_rule.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/nullifier_conflict_rule.ts
index 05378999f704..9b638e13e83d 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/nullifier_conflict_rule.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/eviction/nullifier_conflict_rule.ts
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export class NullifierConflictRule implements PreAddRule {
     );
 
     if (result.shouldIgnore) {
-      this.log.debug(`Ignoring tx ${incomingMeta.txHash}: ${result.reason}`);
+      this.log.debug(`Ignoring tx ${incomingMeta.txHash}: ${result.reason?.message}`);
     }
 
     return Promise.resolve(result);
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/interfaces.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/interfaces.ts
index 908e42a1eee7..ca23965e117e 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/interfaces.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/interfaces.ts
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import type { L2Block, L2BlockId, L2BlockSource } from '@aztec/stdlib/block';
 import type { WorldStateSynchronizer } from '@aztec/stdlib/interfaces/server';
 import type { BlockHeader, Tx, TxHash, TxValidator } from '@aztec/stdlib/tx';
 
+import type { TxPoolRejectionError } from './eviction/interfaces.js';
 import type { TxMetaData, TxState } from './tx_metadata.js';
 
 /**
@@ -17,6 +18,8 @@ export type AddTxsResult = {
   ignored: TxHash[];
   /** Transactions rejected because they failed validation (e.g., invalid proof, expired timestamp) */
   rejected: TxHash[];
+  /** Optional rejection errors, only present when there are rejections with structured errors. */
+  errors?: Map<string, TxPoolRejectionError>;
 };
 
 /**
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/tx_metadata.test.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/tx_metadata.test.ts
index 54123c98a798..9f3e076f9f29 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/tx_metadata.test.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/tx_metadata.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { mockTx } from '@aztec/stdlib/testing';
 
+import { TxPoolRejectionCode } from './eviction/interfaces.js';
 import {
   type TxMetaData,
   buildTxMetaData,
@@ -131,7 +132,11 @@ describe('TxMetaData', () => {
 
       expect(result.shouldIgnore).toBe(true);
       expect(result.txHashesToEvict).toEqual([]);
-      expect(result.reason).toContain(existing.txHash);
+      expect(result.reason).toBeDefined();
+      expect(result.reason!.code).toBe(TxPoolRejectionCode.NULLIFIER_CONFLICT);
+      if (result.reason!.code === TxPoolRejectionCode.NULLIFIER_CONFLICT) {
+        expect(result.reason!.conflictingTxHash).toBe(existing.txHash);
+      }
     });
 
     it('ignores incoming tx when existing has equal priority (tie goes to existing)', () => {
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/tx_metadata.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/tx_metadata.ts
index 64b35b374401..61b12a5debf8 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/tx_metadata.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/tx_metadata.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import type { Tx } from '@aztec/stdlib/tx';
 
 import { getFeePayerBalanceDelta } from '../../msg_validators/tx_validator/fee_payer_balance.js';
 import { getTxPriorityFee } from '../tx_pool/priority.js';
-import type { PreAddResult } from './eviction/interfaces.js';
+import { type PreAddResult, TxPoolRejectionCode } from './eviction/interfaces.js';
 
 /** Validator-compatible data interface, mirroring the subset of PrivateKernelTailCircuitPublicInputs used by validators. */
 export type TxMetaValidationData = {
@@ -215,7 +215,11 @@ export function checkNullifierConflict(
       return {
         shouldIgnore: true,
         txHashesToEvict: [],
-        reason: `nullifier conflict with ${conflictingHashStr}`,
+        reason: {
+          code: TxPoolRejectionCode.NULLIFIER_CONFLICT,
+          message: `Nullifier conflict with existing tx ${conflictingHashStr}`,
+          conflictingTxHash: conflictingHashStr,
+        },
       };
     }
   }
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/tx_pool_v2_impl.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/tx_pool_v2_impl.ts
index 73a16d061228..4b149185e63b 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/tx_pool_v2_impl.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/mem_pools/tx_pool_v2/tx_pool_v2_impl.ts
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ import {
   type PoolOperations,
   type PreAddContext,
   type PreAddPoolAccess,
+  TxPoolRejectionCode,
+  type TxPoolRejectionError,
 } from './eviction/index.js';
 import { TxPoolV2Instrumentation } from './instrumentation.js';
 import {
@@ -182,6 +184,7 @@ export class TxPoolV2Impl {
     const accepted: TxHash[] = [];
     const ignored: TxHash[] = [];
     const rejected: TxHash[] = [];
+    const errors = new Map<string, TxPoolRejectionError>();
     const acceptedPending = new Set<string>();
 
     const poolAccess = this.#createPreAddPoolAccess();
@@ -219,6 +222,7 @@ export class TxPoolV2Impl {
             poolAccess,
             acceptedPending,
             ignored,
+            errors,
             preAddContext,
           );
           if (result.status === 'accepted') {
@@ -252,7 +256,7 @@ export class TxPoolV2Impl {
       await this.#evictionManager.evictAfterNewTxs(Array.from(acceptedPending), [...uniqueFeePayers]);
     }
 
-    return { accepted, ignored, rejected };
+    return { accepted, ignored, rejected, ...(errors.size > 0 ? { errors } : {}) };
   }
 
   /** Validates and adds a regular pending tx. Returns status. */
@@ -262,6 +266,7 @@ export class TxPoolV2Impl {
     poolAccess: PreAddPoolAccess,
     acceptedPending: Set<string>,
     ignored: TxHash[],
+    errors: Map<string, TxPoolRejectionError>,
     preAddContext?: PreAddContext,
   ): Promise<{ status: 'accepted' | 'ignored' | 'rejected' }> {
     const txHash = tx.getTxHash();
@@ -277,7 +282,10 @@ export class TxPoolV2Impl {
     const preAddResult = await this.#evictionManager.runPreAddRules(meta, poolAccess, preAddContext);
 
     if (preAddResult.shouldIgnore) {
-      this.#log.debug(`Ignoring tx ${txHashStr}: ${preAddResult.reason}`);
+      this.#log.debug(`Ignoring tx ${txHashStr}: ${preAddResult.reason?.message ?? 'unknown reason'}`);
+      if (preAddResult.reason && preAddResult.reason.code !== TxPoolRejectionCode.INTERNAL_ERROR) {
+        errors.set(txHashStr, preAddResult.reason);
+      }
       return { status: 'ignored' };
     }
 
@@ -965,7 +973,9 @@ export class TxPoolV2Impl {
       if (preAddResult.shouldIgnore) {
         // Transaction rejected - mark for deletion from DB
         rejected.push(meta.txHash);
-        this.#log.debug(`Rejected tx ${meta.txHash} during rebuild: ${preAddResult.reason}`);
+        this.#log.debug(
+          `Rejected tx ${meta.txHash} during rebuild: ${preAddResult.reason?.message ?? 'unknown reason'}`,
+        );
         continue;
       }