diff --git a/lib/tasks/backfill_idv_level.rake b/lib/tasks/backfill_idv_level.rake
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b06ed2a4110
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/tasks/backfill_idv_level.rake
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+namespace :profiles do
+  desc 'Backfill the idv_level column.'
+
+  ##
+  # Usage:
+  #
+  # bundle exec rake profiles:backfill_idv_level
+  #
+  task backfill_idv_level: :environment do |_task, _args|
+    with_statement_timeout do
+      is_in_person = Profile.where(id: InPersonEnrollment.select(:profile_id))
+      is_not_in_person = Profile.where.not(id: InPersonEnrollment.select(:profile_id))
+      needs_idv_level = Profile.where(idv_level: nil)
+
+      in_person_and_needs_idv_level = Profile.and(is_in_person).and(needs_idv_level)
+      not_in_person_and_needs_idv_level = Profile.and(is_not_in_person).and(needs_idv_level)
+
+      profile_count = in_person_and_needs_idv_level.count + not_in_person_and_needs_idv_level.count
+      warn("Found #{profile_count} profile(s) needing backfill")
+
+      count = 0
+      in_person_and_needs_idv_level.
+        in_batches(of: batch_size) do |batch|
+        count += batch.update_all(idv_level: :legacy_in_person) # rubocop:disable Rails/SkipsModelValidations
+        report_count(count, profile_count)
+      end
+      warn("set idv_level for #{count} legacy_in_person profile(s)")
+
+      count = 0
+      not_in_person_and_needs_idv_level.
+        in_batches(of: batch_size) do |batch|
+          count += batch.update_all(idv_level: :legacy_unsupervised) # rubocop:disable Rails/SkipsModelValidations
+          report_count(count, profile_count)
+        end
+
+      warn("set idv_level for #{count} legacy_unsupervised profile(s)")
+    end
+
+    with_statement_timeout do
+      warn('Profile counts by idv_level after update:')
+      [:legacy_in_person, :legacy_unsupervised, nil].each do |value|
+        count = Profile.where(idv_level: value).count
+        warn("#{value.inspect}: #{count}")
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def batch_size
+    ENV['BATCH_SIZE'] ? ENV['BATCH_SIZE'].to_i : 1000
+  end
+
+  def report_count(count, profile_count)
+    report_interval = ENV['REPORT_INTERVAL'] ? ENV['REPORT_INTERVAL'].to_i.seconds : 10.seconds
+    return if !report_interval
+
+    @last_report ||= Time.zone.now
+    return if Time.zone.now - @last_report < report_interval
+
+    percent = sprintf('%.2f', (count / profile_count.to_f) * 100)
+    warn("Backfilled #{count} profile(s) (#{percent}%)")
+
+    @last_report = Time.zone.now
+  end
+
+  def with_statement_timeout(timeout_in_seconds = nil)
+    timeout_in_seconds ||= if ENV['STATEMENT_TIMEOUT_IN_SECONDS']
+                             ENV['STATEMENT_TIMEOUT_IN_SECONDS'].to_i.seconds
+                          else
+                            60.seconds
+                          end
+
+    ActiveRecord::Base.transaction do
+      quoted_timeout = ActiveRecord::Base.connection.quote(timeout_in_seconds.in_milliseconds)
+      ActiveRecord::Base.connection.execute("SET statement_timeout = #{quoted_timeout}")
+      yield
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/lib/tasks/backfill_idv_level_rake_spec.rb b/spec/lib/tasks/backfill_idv_level_rake_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1d084f2ee88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/lib/tasks/backfill_idv_level_rake_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+require 'rails_helper'
+require 'rake'
+
+RSpec.describe 'profiles:backfill_idv_level rake task' do
+  let(:task) do
+    Rake.application.rake_require 'tasks/backfill_idv_level'
+    Rake::Task.define_task(:environment)
+    Rake::Task['profiles:backfill_idv_level']
+  end
+
+  subject(:invoke_task) do
+    og_stderr = $stderr
+    fake_stderr = StringIO.new
+    begin
+      $stderr = fake_stderr
+      task.reenable
+      task.invoke
+      fake_stderr.string
+    ensure
+      $stderr = og_stderr
+    end
+  end
+
+  let(:profiles) do
+    {
+      unsupervised: create(:user, :proofed).active_profile,
+      unsupervised_no_level: create(:user, :proofed).active_profile.tap do |profile|
+                               profile.update!(idv_level: nil)
+                             end,
+      in_person: create(
+        :user,
+        :with_pending_in_person_enrollment,
+      ).pending_profile,
+      in_person_no_level: create(
+        :user,
+        :with_pending_in_person_enrollment,
+      ).pending_profile.tap { |profile| profile.update!(idv_level: nil) },
+    }
+  end
+
+  before do
+    expect(profiles[:unsupervised].idv_level).not_to be_nil
+    expect(profiles[:unsupervised_no_level].idv_level).to be_nil
+    expect(profiles[:in_person].idv_level).not_to be_nil
+    expect(profiles[:in_person_no_level].idv_level).to be_nil
+    invoke_task
+  end
+
+  it 'outputs what it did' do
+    expect(invoke_task.to_s).to eql(
+      <<~END,
+        Found 2 profile(s) needing backfill
+        set idv_level for 1 legacy_in_person profile(s)
+        set idv_level for 1 legacy_unsupervised profile(s)
+        Profile counts by idv_level after update:
+        :legacy_in_person: 2
+        :legacy_unsupervised: 2
+        nil: 0
+      END
+    )
+  end
+
+  it 'updates legacy unsupervised user that was missing value' do
+    expect(profiles[:unsupervised_no_level].reload.idv_level).to eql('legacy_unsupervised')
+  end
+
+  it 'does not mess up unsupervised user with value' do
+    expect(profiles[:unsupervised].reload.idv_level).to eql('legacy_unsupervised')
+  end
+
+  it 'updates legacy in person user that was missing value' do
+    expect(profiles[:in_person_no_level].reload.idv_level).to eql('legacy_in_person')
+  end
+
+  it 'does not mess up in person user with value' do
+    expect(profiles[:in_person].reload.idv_level).to eql('legacy_in_person')
+  end
+end