diff --git a/spec/features/accessibility/idv_pages_spec.rb b/spec/features/accessibility/idv_pages_spec.rb
index 9df1adaab0b..a17def9927e 100644
--- a/spec/features/accessibility/idv_pages_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/accessibility/idv_pages_spec.rb
@@ -10,9 +10,7 @@
 
       visit idv_path
 
-      expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-      expect(page).to label_required_fields
-      expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+      expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
     end
 
     scenario 'cancel idv' do
@@ -21,9 +19,7 @@
       visit idv_cancel_path
 
       expect(current_path).to eq idv_cancel_path
-      expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-      expect(page).to label_required_fields
-      expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+      expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
     end
 
     scenario 'phone info' do
@@ -32,9 +28,7 @@
       complete_all_doc_auth_steps
 
       expect(current_path).to eq idv_phone_path
-      expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-      expect(page).to label_required_fields
-      expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+      expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
     end
 
     scenario 'review page' do
@@ -43,9 +37,7 @@
       complete_all_doc_auth_steps_before_password_step
 
       expect(page).to have_current_path(idv_review_path)
-      expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-      expect(page).to label_required_fields
-      expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+      expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
     end
 
     scenario 'personal key / confirmation page' do
@@ -56,9 +48,7 @@
       click_continue
 
       expect(current_path).to eq idv_personal_key_path
-      expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-      expect(page).to label_required_fields
-      expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+      expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
     end
 
     scenario 'doc auth steps accessibility' do
@@ -69,9 +59,7 @@
       click_continue
 
       expect(current_path).to eq idv_personal_key_path
-      expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-      expect(page).to label_required_fields
-      expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+      expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
     end
 
     scenario 'doc auth steps accessibility on mobile', driver: :headless_chrome_mobile do
@@ -82,9 +70,7 @@
       click_continue
 
       expect(current_path).to eq idv_personal_key_path
-      expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-      expect(page).to label_required_fields
-      expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+      expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/features/accessibility/static_pages_spec.rb b/spec/features/accessibility/static_pages_spec.rb
index 173f16502ed..2496a5b2c51 100644
--- a/spec/features/accessibility/static_pages_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/accessibility/static_pages_spec.rb
@@ -5,48 +5,36 @@
   scenario 'not found page', allow_browser_log: true do
     visit '/non_existent_page'
 
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 
   scenario '401 page' do
     visit '/401'
 
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 
   scenario '406 page' do
     visit '/406'
 
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 
   scenario '422 page' do
     visit '/422'
 
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 
   scenario '429 page' do
     visit '/429'
 
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 
   scenario '500 page' do
     visit '/500'
 
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/features/accessibility/user_pages_spec.rb b/spec/features/accessibility/user_pages_spec.rb
index 788fe3e789a..70b03958e06 100644
--- a/spec/features/accessibility/user_pages_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/accessibility/user_pages_spec.rb
@@ -7,9 +7,7 @@
     sign_up_with(email)
 
     expect(current_path).to eq(sign_up_verify_email_path)
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 
   describe 'user confirmation page' do
@@ -18,18 +16,14 @@
       confirm_last_user
 
       expect(current_path).to eq(sign_up_enter_password_path)
-      expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-      expect(page).to label_required_fields
-      expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+      expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
     end
 
     scenario 'invalid confirmation token' do
       visit sign_up_create_email_confirmation_path(confirmation_token: '123456')
 
       expect(current_path).to eq(sign_up_email_resend_path)
-      expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-      expect(page).to label_required_fields
-      expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+      expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
     end
   end
 
@@ -38,9 +32,7 @@
       sign_up_and_set_password
 
       expect(current_path).to eq(authentication_methods_setup_path)
-      expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-      expect(page).to label_required_fields
-      expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+      expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
     end
 
     scenario 'phone setup page' do
@@ -49,9 +41,7 @@
       click_button t('forms.buttons.continue')
 
       expect(current_path).to eq(phone_setup_path)
-      expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-      expect(page).to label_required_fields
-      expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+      expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
     end
 
     scenario 'two factor auth page' do
@@ -59,9 +49,7 @@
       sign_in_before_2fa(user)
 
       expect(current_path).to eq(login_two_factor_path(otp_delivery_preference: 'sms'))
-      expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-      expect(page).to label_required_fields
-      expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+      expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
     end
 
     describe 'SMS' do
@@ -71,9 +59,7 @@
         visit login_two_factor_path(otp_delivery_preference: 'sms')
 
         expect(current_path).to eq login_two_factor_path(otp_delivery_preference: 'sms')
-        expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-        expect(page).to label_required_fields
-        expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+        expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
       end
     end
 
@@ -84,9 +70,7 @@
         visit login_two_factor_path(otp_delivery_preference: 'voice')
 
         expect(current_path).to eq login_two_factor_path(otp_delivery_preference: 'voice')
-        expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-        expect(page).to label_required_fields
-        expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+        expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
       end
     end
   end
@@ -95,9 +79,7 @@
     sign_in_and_2fa_user
     visit manage_personal_key_path
 
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 
   scenario 'profile page' do
@@ -105,9 +87,7 @@
 
     visit account_path
 
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 
   scenario 'delete email page' do
@@ -116,9 +96,7 @@
 
     visit manage_email_confirm_delete_path(id: user.email_addresses.take.id)
 
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 
   scenario 'edit password page' do
@@ -126,9 +104,7 @@
 
     visit manage_password_path
 
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 
   scenario 'edit email language page' do
@@ -136,9 +112,7 @@
 
     visit account_email_language_path
 
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 
   scenario 'add phone page' do
@@ -146,9 +120,7 @@
 
     visit add_phone_path
 
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 
   scenario 'edit phone page' do
@@ -156,9 +128,7 @@
 
     visit manage_phone_path(id: user.phone_configurations.first.id)
 
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 
   scenario 'generate new personal key page' do
@@ -166,9 +136,7 @@
 
     visit manage_personal_key_path
 
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 
   scenario 'set up authenticator app page' do
@@ -176,9 +144,7 @@
 
     visit '/authenticator_setup'
 
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 
   scenario 'device events page' do
@@ -188,9 +154,7 @@
 
     visit account_events_path(id: device.id)
 
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 
   scenario 'delete user page' do
@@ -198,8 +162,6 @@
 
     visit account_delete_path
 
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/features/accessibility/visitor_pages_spec.rb b/spec/features/accessibility/visitor_pages_spec.rb
index 38f5c665789..731de492971 100644
--- a/spec/features/accessibility/visitor_pages_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/accessibility/visitor_pages_spec.rb
@@ -5,40 +5,30 @@
   scenario 'login / root path' do
     visit root_path
 
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 
   scenario 'forgot password page' do
     visit new_user_password_path
 
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 
   scenario 'new user start registration page' do
     visit new_user_session_path
 
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 
   scenario 'new user registration page' do
     visit sign_up_email_path
 
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 
   scenario 'new user cancel registration page' do
     visit sign_up_cancel_path
 
-    expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
-    expect(page).to label_required_fields
-    expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+    expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/support/matchers/accessibility.rb b/spec/support/matchers/accessibility.rb
index 3b152125431..5727c1fc1b1 100644
--- a/spec/support/matchers/accessibility.rb
+++ b/spec/support/matchers/accessibility.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,27 @@
+RSpec::Matchers.define :have_valid_idrefs do
+  invalid_idref_messages = []
+
+  match do |page|
+    ['aria-describedby', 'aria-labelledby'].each do |idref_attribute|
+      page.all(:css, "[#{idref_attribute}]").each do |element|
+        page.find_by_id(element[idref_attribute]) # rubocop:disable Rails/DynamicFindBy
+      rescue Capybara::ElementNotFound
+        invalid_idref_messages << "[#{idref_attribute}=\"#{element[idref_attribute]}\"]"
+      end
+    end
+
+    invalid_idref_messages.blank?
+  end
+
+  failure_message do |page|
+    <<~STR
+      Found #{invalid_idref_messages.count} elements with invalid ID reference links:
+
+      #{invalid_idref_messages.join("\n")}
+    STR
+  end
+end
+
 RSpec::Matchers.define :label_required_fields do
   elements = []
 
@@ -57,3 +81,10 @@ def descriptors(element)
     "Page '#{page.current_path}' should have a unique and descriptive title. Found '#{page.title}'."
   end
 end
+
+def expect_page_to_have_no_accessibility_violations(page)
+  expect(page).to be_axe_clean.according_to :section508, :"best-practice", :wcag21aa
+  expect(page).to have_valid_idrefs
+  expect(page).to label_required_fields
+  expect(page).to be_uniquely_titled
+end