diff --git a/app/assets/javascripts/app/form-field-format.js b/app/assets/javascripts/app/form-field-format.js
index f00ec070241..b03ee377608 100644
--- a/app/assets/javascripts/app/form-field-format.js
+++ b/app/assets/javascripts/app/form-field-format.js
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import DateFormatter from './modules/date-formatter';
 import InternationalPhoneFormatter from './modules/international-phone-formatter';
 import NumericFormatter from './modules/numeric-formatter';
 import PersonalKeyFormatter from './modules/personal-key-formatter';
+import USPhoneFormatter from './modules/us-phone-formatter';
 import ZipCodeFormatter from './modules/zip-code-formatter';
 
 
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@ function formatForm() {
     ['.mfa', new NumericFormatter()],
     ['.mortgage', new NumericFormatter()],
     ['.phone', new InternationalPhoneFormatter()],
+    ['.us-phone', new USPhoneFormatter()],
     ['.personal-key', new PersonalKeyFormatter()],
     ['.ssn', new SocialSecurityNumberFormatter()],
     ['.zipcode', new ZipCodeFormatter()],
diff --git a/app/assets/javascripts/app/modules/us-phone-formatter.js b/app/assets/javascripts/app/modules/us-phone-formatter.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..062cd827e11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/assets/javascripts/app/modules/us-phone-formatter.js
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { PhoneFormatter } from 'field-kit';
+
+class USPhoneFormatter extends PhoneFormatter {
+  isChangeValid(change, error) {
+    const match = change.proposed.text.match(/^\+(\d?)/);
+    if (match && match[1] === '') {
+      change.proposed.text = '+1';
+      change.proposed.selectedRange.start = 4;
+    } else if (match && match[1] !== '1') {
+      return false;
+    }
+    return super.isChangeValid(change, error);
+  }
+}
+
+export default USPhoneFormatter;
diff --git a/app/forms/idv/phone_form.rb b/app/forms/idv/phone_form.rb
index f59e0b4a6bf..dd490e0c0b0 100644
--- a/app/forms/idv/phone_form.rb
+++ b/app/forms/idv/phone_form.rb
@@ -6,20 +6,17 @@ class PhoneForm
     attr_reader :idv_params, :user, :phone
     attr_accessor :international_code
 
+    validate :phone_has_us_country_code
+
     def initialize(idv_params, user)
       @idv_params = idv_params
       @user = user
-      self.phone = (idv_params[:phone] || user.phone).phony_formatted(
-        format: :international, normalize: :US, spaces: ' '
-      )
+      self.phone = initial_phone_value(idv_params[:phone] || user.phone)
       self.international_code = PhoneFormatter::DEFAULT_COUNTRY
     end
 
     def submit(params)
-      submitted_phone = params[:phone]
-
-      formatted_phone = PhoneFormatter.new.format(submitted_phone, country_code: international_code)
-
+      formatted_phone = PhoneFormatter.new.format(params[:phone])
       self.phone = formatted_phone
 
       success = valid?
@@ -32,6 +29,21 @@ def submit(params)
 
     attr_writer :phone
 
+    def initial_phone_value(phone)
+      formatted_phone = PhoneFormatter.new.format(
+        phone, country_code: PhoneFormatter::DEFAULT_COUNTRY
+      )
+      return unless Phony.plausible? formatted_phone
+      self.phone = formatted_phone
+    end
+
+    def phone_has_us_country_code
+      country_code = Phonelib.parse(phone).country_code || '1'
+      return if country_code == '1'
+
+      errors.add(:phone, :must_have_us_country_code)
+    end
+
     def update_idv_params(phone)
       normalized_phone = phone.gsub(/\D/, '')[1..-1]
       idv_params[:phone] = normalized_phone
diff --git a/app/views/verify/phone/new.html.slim b/app/views/verify/phone/new.html.slim
index fc594dfa05c..39dd10e522d 100644
--- a/app/views/verify/phone/new.html.slim
+++ b/app/views/verify/phone/new.html.slim
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ p.mt-tiny.mb2 = t('idv.messages.phone.intro')
       = t('idv.messages.phone.in_your_name')
     li
       = t('idv.messages.phone.prepaid')
+    li
+      = t('idv.messages.phone.us_country_code')
 
 em
   = t('idv.messages.phone.same_as_2fa')
@@ -22,7 +24,7 @@ em
   span.ml1
     em
      = t('idv.form.phone_label_aside')
-  = f.input :phone, required: true, input_html: { class: 'phone' }, label: false,
+  = f.input :phone, required: true, input_html: { class: 'us-phone' }, label: false,
     wrapper_html: { class: 'inline-block mr2' }
   = f.button :submit, t('forms.buttons.continue')
 
diff --git a/config/locales/errors/en.yml b/config/locales/errors/en.yml
index 38a86bf6719..13d14c83684 100644
--- a/config/locales/errors/en.yml
+++ b/config/locales/errors/en.yml
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ en:
       improbable_phone: Invalid phone number. Please make sure you enter a valid phone
         number.
       missing_field: Please fill in this field.
+      must_have_us_country_code: Invalid phone number. Please make sure you enter
+        a phone number with a U.S. country code.
       no_password_reset_profile: No profile has been recently deactivated due to a
         password reset
       no_pending_profile: No profile is waiting for verification
diff --git a/config/locales/errors/es.yml b/config/locales/errors/es.yml
index bdac55909c4..aaf5b701dfa 100644
--- a/config/locales/errors/es.yml
+++ b/config/locales/errors/es.yml
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ es:
       format_mismatch: Por favor, use el formato solicitado.
       improbable_phone: NOT TRANSLATED YET
       missing_field: Por favor, rellene este campo.
+      must_have_us_country_code: NOT TRANSLATED YET
       no_password_reset_profile: Ningún perfil ha sido desactivado recientemente por
         un restablecimiento de contraseña.
       no_pending_profile: Ningún perfil está esperando verificación
diff --git a/config/locales/errors/fr.yml b/config/locales/errors/fr.yml
index 798dbd4f92c..5ce5df6cfc5 100644
--- a/config/locales/errors/fr.yml
+++ b/config/locales/errors/fr.yml
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ fr:
       format_mismatch: Veuillez vous assurer de respecter le format requis.
       improbable_phone: NOT TRANSLATED YET
       missing_field: Veuillez remplir ce champ.
+      must_have_us_country_code: NOT TRANSLATED YET
       no_password_reset_profile: Aucun profil récemment désactivé en raison d'une
         réinitialisation de mot de passe
       no_pending_profile: Aucun profil en attente de vérification
diff --git a/config/locales/idv/en.yml b/config/locales/idv/en.yml
index d9c90b62222..b413ebc3505 100644
--- a/config/locales/idv/en.yml
+++ b/config/locales/idv/en.yml
@@ -138,6 +138,7 @@ en:
         prepaid: on a contract, not prepaid
         same_as_2fa: This phone number can be the same one you used to set up your
           one-time password as long as it meets the criteria above.
+        us_country_code: have a U.S. country code to accept phone calls
       review:
         financial_info: Where is my financial account information?
         info_verified_html: We found records matching your %{phone_message}
diff --git a/config/locales/idv/es.yml b/config/locales/idv/es.yml
index 310c54b873c..b21a8e6f7a4 100644
--- a/config/locales/idv/es.yml
+++ b/config/locales/idv/es.yml
@@ -141,6 +141,7 @@ es:
         same_as_2fa: Este número de teléfono puede ser el mismo que utilizó para configurar
           su contraseña de un uso único, siempre y cuando cumpla con los criterios
           anteriores.
+        us_country_code: NOT TRANSLATED YET
       review:
         financial_info: "¿Dónde está la información de mi cuenta financiera?"
         info_verified_html: Encontramos registros que coinciden con su %{teléfono_mensaje}
diff --git a/config/locales/idv/fr.yml b/config/locales/idv/fr.yml
index 4ff911154a1..923da86d2c8 100644
--- a/config/locales/idv/fr.yml
+++ b/config/locales/idv/fr.yml
@@ -150,6 +150,7 @@ fr:
         same_as_2fa: Ce numéro de téléphone peut être le même que celui que vous utilisez
           pour configurer votre mot de passe à usage unique, tant et aussi longtemps
           qu'il respecte les critères mentionnés plus haut.
+        us_country_code: NOT TRANSLATED YET
       review:
         financial_info: Où se trouve l'information sur mon compte bancaire?
         info_verified_html: Nous avons trouvé des données qui correspondent à votre
diff --git a/spec/controllers/verify/phone_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/verify/phone_controller_spec.rb
index 93d9c65f9f9..077ee3e5167 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/verify/phone_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/verify/phone_controller_spec.rb
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@
       it 'tracks form error and does not make a vendor API call' do
         expect(Idv::PhoneValidator).to_not receive(:new)
 
-        put :create, idv_phone_form: { phone: '703', international_code: 'US' }
+        put :create, idv_phone_form: { phone: '703' }
 
         result = {
           success: false,
diff --git a/spec/features/idv/phone_spec.rb b/spec/features/idv/phone_spec.rb
index f01a199687f..b8423493066 100644
--- a/spec/features/idv/phone_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/idv/phone_spec.rb
@@ -83,7 +83,22 @@
     fill_in 'Phone', with: ''
     find('#idv_phone_form_phone').native.send_keys('abcd1234')
 
-    expect(find('#idv_phone_form_phone').value).to eq '+1 234'
+    expect(find('#idv_phone_form_phone').value).to eq '1 (234) '
+  end
+
+  scenario 'phone field does not format international numbers', :js, idv_job: true do
+    sign_in_and_2fa_user
+    visit verify_session_path
+    fill_out_idv_form_ok
+    click_idv_continue
+    fill_out_financial_form_ok
+    click_idv_continue
+
+    visit verify_phone_path
+    fill_in 'Phone', with: ''
+    find('#idv_phone_form_phone').native.send_keys('+81543543643')
+
+    expect(find('#idv_phone_form_phone').value).to eq '+1 (815) 435-4364'
   end
 
   def complete_idv_profile_with_phone(phone)
diff --git a/spec/forms/idv/phone_form_spec.rb b/spec/forms/idv/phone_form_spec.rb
index 6f08a1630e2..001096d9b56 100644
--- a/spec/forms/idv/phone_form_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/forms/idv/phone_form_spec.rb
@@ -49,5 +49,26 @@
 
       expect(subject.idv_params).to eq expected_params
     end
+
+    it 'uses the user phone number as the initial phone value' do
+      user = build_stubbed(:user, :signed_up, phone: '555-555-1234')
+      subject = Idv::PhoneForm.new({}, user)
+
+      expect(subject.phone).to eq('+1 (555) 555-1234')
+    end
+
+    it 'does not use an international number as the initial phone value' do
+      user = build_stubbed(:user, :signed_up, phone: '+81 54 354 3643')
+      subject = Idv::PhoneForm.new({}, user)
+
+      expect(subject.phone).to eq(nil)
+    end
+
+    it 'does not allow numbers with a non-US country code' do
+      result = subject.submit(phone: '+81 54 354 3643')
+
+      expect(result.success?).to eq(false)
+      expect(result.errors[:phone]).to include(t('errors.messages.must_have_us_country_code'))
+    end
   end
 end