diff --git a/.github/matic-cli-config.yml b/.github/matic-cli-config.yml
index c7dab39b0e..2b83b684c6 100644
--- a/.github/matic-cli-config.yml
+++ b/.github/matic-cli-config.yml
@@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ numOfNonValidators: 0
 ethURL: http://ganache:9545
 devnetType: docker
 borDockerBuildContext: "../../bor"
-heimdallDockerBuildContext: "https://github.com/maticnetwork/heimdall.git#develop"
\ No newline at end of file
+heimdallDockerBuildContext: "https://github.com/maticnetwork/heimdall.git#develop"
diff --git a/cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/block.go b/cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/block.go
index d4edd33bde..4d75a30d4b 100644
--- a/cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/block.go
+++ b/cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/block.go
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package t8ntool
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"crypto/ecdsa"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
@@ -188,7 +189,7 @@ func (i *bbInput) sealEthash(block *types.Block) (*types.Block, error) {
 	// If the testmode is used, the sealer will return quickly, and complain
 	// "Sealing result is not read by miner" if it cannot write the result.
 	results := make(chan *types.Block, 1)
-	if err := engine.Seal(nil, block, results, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := engine.Seal(context.Background(), nil, block, results, nil); err != nil {
 		panic(fmt.Sprintf("failed to seal block: %v", err))
 	}
 	found := <-results
diff --git a/cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/execution.go b/cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/execution.go
index 874685f15e..c848b953f8 100644
--- a/cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/execution.go
+++ b/cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/execution.go
@@ -223,6 +223,7 @@ func (pre *Prestate) Apply(vmConfig vm.Config, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig,
 
 		txIndex++
 	}
+
 	statedb.IntermediateRoot(chainConfig.IsEIP158(vmContext.BlockNumber))
 	// Add mining reward?
 	if miningReward > 0 {
diff --git a/common/tracing/context.go b/common/tracing/context.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..510e45d775
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/tracing/context.go
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+package tracing
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"time"
+
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/attribute"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace"
+)
+
+type tracerKey struct{}
+
+type Option func(context.Context, trace.Span)
+
+func WithTracer(ctx context.Context, tr trace.Tracer) context.Context {
+	return context.WithValue(ctx, tracerKey{}, tr)
+}
+
+func FromContext(ctx context.Context) trace.Tracer {
+	tr, _ := ctx.Value(tracerKey{}).(trace.Tracer)
+
+	return tr
+}
+
+func StartSpan(ctx context.Context, snapName string) (context.Context, trace.Span) {
+	tr := FromContext(ctx)
+
+	if tr == nil {
+		return ctx, nil
+	}
+
+	ctx, span := tr.Start(ctx, snapName)
+	ctx = WithTracer(ctx, tr)
+
+	return ctx, span
+}
+
+func EndSpan(span trace.Span) {
+	if span != nil {
+		span.End()
+	}
+}
+
+func Trace(ctx context.Context, spanName string) (context.Context, trace.Span) {
+	tr := FromContext(ctx)
+
+	if tr == nil {
+		return ctx, nil
+	}
+
+	return tr.Start(ctx, spanName)
+}
+
+func Exec(ctx context.Context, spanName string, opts ...Option) {
+	var span trace.Span
+
+	tr := FromContext(ctx)
+
+	if tr != nil {
+		ctx, span = tr.Start(ctx, spanName)
+	}
+
+	for _, optFn := range opts {
+		optFn(ctx, span)
+	}
+
+	if tr != nil {
+		span.End()
+	}
+}
+
+func WithTime(fn func(context.Context, trace.Span)) Option {
+	return func(ctx context.Context, span trace.Span) {
+		ElapsedTime(ctx, span, "elapsed", fn)
+	}
+}
+
+func ElapsedTime(ctx context.Context, span trace.Span, msg string, fn func(context.Context, trace.Span)) {
+	var now time.Time
+
+	if span != nil {
+		now = time.Now()
+	}
+
+	fn(ctx, span)
+
+	if span != nil {
+		span.SetAttributes(attribute.Int(msg, int(time.Since(now).Milliseconds())))
+	}
+}
+
+func SetAttributes(span trace.Span, kvs ...attribute.KeyValue) {
+	if span != nil {
+		span.SetAttributes(kvs...)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/consensus/beacon/consensus.go b/consensus/beacon/consensus.go
index 1fd7deb872..b7102c1e67 100644
--- a/consensus/beacon/consensus.go
+++ b/consensus/beacon/consensus.go
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package beacon
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"math/big"
@@ -170,10 +171,11 @@ func (beacon *Beacon) VerifyUncles(chain consensus.ChainReader, block *types.Blo
 // verifyHeader checks whether a header conforms to the consensus rules of the
 // stock Ethereum consensus engine. The difference between the beacon and classic is
 // (a) The following fields are expected to be constants:
-//     - difficulty is expected to be 0
-// 	   - nonce is expected to be 0
-//     - unclehash is expected to be Hash(emptyHeader)
+//   - difficulty is expected to be 0
+//   - nonce is expected to be 0
+//   - unclehash is expected to be Hash(emptyHeader)
 //     to be the desired constants
+//
 // (b) the timestamp is not verified anymore
 // (c) the extradata is limited to 32 bytes
 func (beacon *Beacon) verifyHeader(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header, parent *types.Header) error {
@@ -278,11 +280,11 @@ func (beacon *Beacon) Finalize(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.
 
 // FinalizeAndAssemble implements consensus.Engine, setting the final state and
 // assembling the block.
-func (beacon *Beacon) FinalizeAndAssemble(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header, state *state.StateDB, txs []*types.Transaction, uncles []*types.Header, receipts []*types.Receipt) (*types.Block, error) {
+func (beacon *Beacon) FinalizeAndAssemble(ctx context.Context, chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header, state *state.StateDB, txs []*types.Transaction, uncles []*types.Header, receipts []*types.Receipt) (*types.Block, error) {
 	// FinalizeAndAssemble is different with Prepare, it can be used in both block
 	// generation and verification. So determine the consensus rules by header type.
 	if !beacon.IsPoSHeader(header) {
-		return beacon.ethone.FinalizeAndAssemble(chain, header, state, txs, uncles, receipts)
+		return beacon.ethone.FinalizeAndAssemble(ctx, chain, header, state, txs, uncles, receipts)
 	}
 	// Finalize and assemble the block
 	beacon.Finalize(chain, header, state, txs, uncles)
@@ -294,9 +296,9 @@ func (beacon *Beacon) FinalizeAndAssemble(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, hea
 //
 // Note, the method returns immediately and will send the result async. More
 // than one result may also be returned depending on the consensus algorithm.
-func (beacon *Beacon) Seal(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, block *types.Block, results chan<- *types.Block, stop <-chan struct{}) error {
+func (beacon *Beacon) Seal(ctx context.Context, chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, block *types.Block, results chan<- *types.Block, stop <-chan struct{}) error {
 	if !beacon.IsPoSHeader(block.Header()) {
-		return beacon.ethone.Seal(chain, block, results, stop)
+		return beacon.ethone.Seal(ctx, chain, block, results, stop)
 	}
 	// The seal verification is done by the external consensus engine,
 	// return directly without pushing any block back. In another word
diff --git a/consensus/bor/bor.go b/consensus/bor/bor.go
index cc9d750258..dee3998703 100644
--- a/consensus/bor/bor.go
+++ b/consensus/bor/bor.go
@@ -16,10 +16,13 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	lru "github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/attribute"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace"
 	"golang.org/x/crypto/sha3"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/accounts"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/tracing"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus/bor/api"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus/bor/clerk"
@@ -735,9 +738,9 @@ func (c *Bor) Finalize(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header,
 
 	headerNumber := header.Number.Uint64()
 
-	if IsSprintStart(headerNumber, c.config.Sprint) {
-		ctx := context.Background()
+	ctx := context.Background()
 
+	if IsSprintStart(headerNumber, c.config.Sprint) {
 		cx := statefull.ChainContext{Chain: chain, Bor: c}
 		// check and commit span
 		if err := c.checkAndCommitSpan(ctx, state, header, cx); err != nil {
@@ -804,26 +807,35 @@ func (c *Bor) changeContractCodeIfNeeded(headerNumber uint64, state *state.State
 
 // FinalizeAndAssemble implements consensus.Engine, ensuring no uncles are set,
 // nor block rewards given, and returns the final block.
-func (c *Bor) FinalizeAndAssemble(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header, state *state.StateDB, txs []*types.Transaction, _ []*types.Header, receipts []*types.Receipt) (*types.Block, error) {
-	var stateSyncData []*types.StateSyncData
+func (c *Bor) FinalizeAndAssemble(ctx context.Context, chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header, state *state.StateDB, txs []*types.Transaction, uncles []*types.Header, receipts []*types.Receipt) (*types.Block, error) {
+	finalizeCtx, finalizeSpan := tracing.StartSpan(ctx, "bor.FinalizeAndAssemble")
+	defer tracing.EndSpan(finalizeSpan)
+
+	stateSyncData := []*types.StateSyncData{}
 
 	headerNumber := header.Number.Uint64()
 
-	if IsSprintStart(headerNumber, c.config.Sprint) {
-		ctx := context.Background()
+	var err error
 
+	if IsSprintStart(headerNumber, c.config.Sprint) {
 		cx := statefull.ChainContext{Chain: chain, Bor: c}
 
-		// check and commit span
-		err := c.checkAndCommitSpan(ctx, state, header, cx)
+		tracing.Exec(finalizeCtx, "bor.checkAndCommitSpan", func(ctx context.Context, span trace.Span) {
+			// check and commit span
+			err = c.checkAndCommitSpan(finalizeCtx, state, header, cx)
+		})
+
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Error("Error while committing span", "error", err)
 			return nil, err
 		}
 
 		if c.HeimdallClient != nil {
-			// commit states
-			stateSyncData, err = c.CommitStates(ctx, state, header, cx)
+			tracing.Exec(finalizeCtx, "bor.checkAndCommitSpan", func(ctx context.Context, span trace.Span) {
+				// commit states
+				stateSyncData, err = c.CommitStates(finalizeCtx, state, header, cx)
+			})
+
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Error("Error while committing states", "error", err)
 				return nil, err
@@ -831,13 +843,21 @@ func (c *Bor) FinalizeAndAssemble(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *typ
 		}
 	}
 
-	if err := c.changeContractCodeIfNeeded(headerNumber, state); err != nil {
+	tracing.Exec(finalizeCtx, "bor.changeContractCodeIfNeeded", func(ctx context.Context, span trace.Span) {
+		err = c.changeContractCodeIfNeeded(headerNumber, state)
+	})
+
+	if err != nil {
 		log.Error("Error changing contract code", "error", err)
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	// No block rewards in PoA, so the state remains as is and uncles are dropped
-	header.Root = state.IntermediateRoot(chain.Config().IsEIP158(header.Number))
+	// No block rewards in PoA, so the state remains as it is
+	tracing.Exec(finalizeCtx, "bor.IntermediateRoot", func(ctx context.Context, span trace.Span) {
+		header.Root = state.IntermediateRoot(chain.Config().IsEIP158(header.Number))
+	})
+
+	// Uncles are dropped
 	header.UncleHash = types.CalcUncleHash(nil)
 
 	// Assemble block
@@ -847,6 +867,14 @@ func (c *Bor) FinalizeAndAssemble(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *typ
 	bc := chain.(core.BorStateSyncer)
 	bc.SetStateSync(stateSyncData)
 
+	tracing.SetAttributes(
+		finalizeSpan,
+		attribute.Int("number", int(header.Number.Int64())),
+		attribute.String("hash", header.Hash().String()),
+		attribute.Int("number of txs", len(txs)),
+		attribute.Int("gas used", int(block.GasUsed())),
+	)
+
 	// return the final block for sealing
 	return block, nil
 }
@@ -862,7 +890,18 @@ func (c *Bor) Authorize(currentSigner common.Address, signFn SignerFn) {
 
 // Seal implements consensus.Engine, attempting to create a sealed block using
 // the local signing credentials.
-func (c *Bor) Seal(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, block *types.Block, results chan<- *types.Block, stop <-chan struct{}) error {
+func (c *Bor) Seal(ctx context.Context, chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, block *types.Block, results chan<- *types.Block, stop <-chan struct{}) error {
+	_, sealSpan := tracing.StartSpan(ctx, "bor.Seal")
+
+	var endSpan bool = true
+
+	defer func() {
+		// Only end span in case of early-returns/errors
+		if endSpan {
+			tracing.EndSpan(sealSpan)
+		}
+	}()
+
 	header := block.Header()
 	// Sealing the genesis block is not supported
 	number := header.Number.Uint64()
@@ -908,7 +947,7 @@ func (c *Bor) Seal(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, block *types.Block, result
 	// Wait until sealing is terminated or delay timeout.
 	log.Info("Waiting for slot to sign and propagate", "number", number, "hash", header.Hash, "delay-in-sec", uint(delay), "delay", common.PrettyDuration(delay))
 
-	go func() {
+	go func(sealSpan trace.Span) {
 		select {
 		case <-stop:
 			log.Debug("Discarding sealing operation for block", "number", number)
@@ -931,13 +970,27 @@ func (c *Bor) Seal(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, block *types.Block, result
 				"delay", delay,
 				"headerDifficulty", header.Difficulty,
 			)
+
+			tracing.SetAttributes(
+				sealSpan,
+				attribute.Int("number", int(number)),
+				attribute.String("hash", header.Hash().String()),
+				attribute.Int("delay", int(delay.Milliseconds())),
+				attribute.Int("wiggle", int(wiggle.Milliseconds())),
+				attribute.Bool("out-of-turn", wiggle > 0),
+			)
+
+			tracing.EndSpan(sealSpan)
 		}
 		select {
 		case results <- block.WithSeal(header):
 		default:
 			log.Warn("Sealing result was not read by miner", "number", number, "sealhash", SealHash(header, c.config))
 		}
-	}()
+	}(sealSpan)
+
+	// Set the endSpan flag to false, as the go routine will handle it
+	endSpan = false
 
 	return nil
 }
@@ -1000,13 +1053,13 @@ func (c *Bor) checkAndCommitSpan(
 ) error {
 	headerNumber := header.Number.Uint64()
 
-	currentSpan, err := c.spanner.GetCurrentSpan(ctx, header.ParentHash)
+	span, err := c.spanner.GetCurrentSpan(ctx, header.ParentHash)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if c.needToCommitSpan(currentSpan, headerNumber) {
-		return c.FetchAndCommitSpan(ctx, currentSpan.ID+1, state, header, chain)
+	if c.needToCommitSpan(span, headerNumber) {
+		return c.FetchAndCommitSpan(ctx, span.ID+1, state, header, chain)
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -1076,6 +1129,7 @@ func (c *Bor) CommitStates(
 	header *types.Header,
 	chain statefull.ChainContext,
 ) ([]*types.StateSyncData, error) {
+	fetchStart := time.Now()
 	number := header.Number.Uint64()
 
 	_lastStateID, err := c.GenesisContractsClient.LastStateId(number - 1)
@@ -1102,6 +1156,8 @@ func (c *Bor) CommitStates(
 		}
 	}
 
+	fetchTime := time.Since(fetchStart)
+	processStart := time.Now()
 	totalGas := 0 /// limit on gas for state sync per block
 	chainID := c.chainConfig.ChainID.String()
 	stateSyncs := make([]*types.StateSyncData, len(eventRecords))
@@ -1140,7 +1196,9 @@ func (c *Bor) CommitStates(
 		lastStateID++
 	}
 
-	log.Info("StateSyncData", "Gas", totalGas, "Block-number", number, "LastStateID", lastStateID, "TotalRecords", len(eventRecords))
+	processTime := time.Since(processStart)
+
+	log.Info("StateSyncData", "gas", totalGas, "number", number, "lastStateID", lastStateID, "total records", len(eventRecords), "fetch time", int(fetchTime.Milliseconds()), "process time", int(processTime.Milliseconds()))
 
 	return stateSyncs, nil
 }
diff --git a/consensus/bor/validators_getter.go b/consensus/bor/validators_getter.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 90d1fccf6e..0000000000
--- a/consensus/bor/validators_getter.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-package bor
-
-import (
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus/bor/valset"
-)
-
-//go:generate mockgen -destination=./validators_getter_mock.go -package=bor . ValidatorsGetter
-type ValidatorsGetter interface {
-	GetCurrentValidators(headerHash common.Hash, blockNumber uint64) ([]*valset.Validator, error)
-}
diff --git a/consensus/bor/validators_getter_mock.go b/consensus/bor/validators_getter_mock.go
deleted file mode 100644
index ad99489d8e..0000000000
--- a/consensus/bor/validators_getter_mock.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-// Code generated by MockGen. DO NOT EDIT.
-// Source: github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus/bor (interfaces: ValidatorsGetter)
-
-// Package bor is a generated GoMock package.
-package bor
-
-import (
-	reflect "reflect"
-
-	common "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
-	valset "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus/bor/valset"
-	gomock "github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
-)
-
-// MockValidatorsGetter is a mock of ValidatorsGetter interface.
-type MockValidatorsGetter struct {
-	ctrl     *gomock.Controller
-	recorder *MockValidatorsGetterMockRecorder
-}
-
-// MockValidatorsGetterMockRecorder is the mock recorder for MockValidatorsGetter.
-type MockValidatorsGetterMockRecorder struct {
-	mock *MockValidatorsGetter
-}
-
-// NewMockValidatorsGetter creates a new mock instance.
-func NewMockValidatorsGetter(ctrl *gomock.Controller) *MockValidatorsGetter {
-	mock := &MockValidatorsGetter{ctrl: ctrl}
-	mock.recorder = &MockValidatorsGetterMockRecorder{mock}
-	return mock
-}
-
-// EXPECT returns an object that allows the caller to indicate expected use.
-func (m *MockValidatorsGetter) EXPECT() *MockValidatorsGetterMockRecorder {
-	return m.recorder
-}
-
-// GetCurrentValidators mocks base method.
-func (m *MockValidatorsGetter) GetCurrentValidators(arg0 common.Hash, arg1 uint64) ([]*valset.Validator, error) {
-	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
-	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "GetCurrentValidators", arg0, arg1)
-	ret0, _ := ret[0].([]*valset.Validator)
-	ret1, _ := ret[1].(error)
-	return ret0, ret1
-}
-
-// GetCurrentValidators indicates an expected call of GetCurrentValidators.
-func (mr *MockValidatorsGetterMockRecorder) GetCurrentValidators(arg0, arg1 interface{}) *gomock.Call {
-	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
-	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "GetCurrentValidators", reflect.TypeOf((*MockValidatorsGetter)(nil).GetCurrentValidators), arg0, arg1)
-}
diff --git a/consensus/clique/clique.go b/consensus/clique/clique.go
index 685186817d..ad09552469 100644
--- a/consensus/clique/clique.go
+++ b/consensus/clique/clique.go
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ package clique
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
@@ -569,7 +570,7 @@ func (c *Clique) Finalize(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Heade
 
 // FinalizeAndAssemble implements consensus.Engine, ensuring no uncles are set,
 // nor block rewards given, and returns the final block.
-func (c *Clique) FinalizeAndAssemble(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header, state *state.StateDB, txs []*types.Transaction, uncles []*types.Header, receipts []*types.Receipt) (*types.Block, error) {
+func (c *Clique) FinalizeAndAssemble(ctx context.Context, chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header, state *state.StateDB, txs []*types.Transaction, uncles []*types.Header, receipts []*types.Receipt) (*types.Block, error) {
 	// Finalize block
 	c.Finalize(chain, header, state, txs, uncles)
 
@@ -589,7 +590,7 @@ func (c *Clique) Authorize(signer common.Address, signFn SignerFn) {
 
 // Seal implements consensus.Engine, attempting to create a sealed block using
 // the local signing credentials.
-func (c *Clique) Seal(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, block *types.Block, results chan<- *types.Block, stop <-chan struct{}) error {
+func (c *Clique) Seal(ctx context.Context, chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, block *types.Block, results chan<- *types.Block, stop <-chan struct{}) error {
 	header := block.Header()
 
 	// Sealing the genesis block is not supported
diff --git a/consensus/consensus.go b/consensus/consensus.go
index af8ce98ff3..c287972beb 100644
--- a/consensus/consensus.go
+++ b/consensus/consensus.go
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 package consensus
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"math/big"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
@@ -97,7 +98,7 @@ type Engine interface {
 	//
 	// Note: The block header and state database might be updated to reflect any
 	// consensus rules that happen at finalization (e.g. block rewards).
-	FinalizeAndAssemble(chain ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header, state *state.StateDB, txs []*types.Transaction,
+	FinalizeAndAssemble(ctx context.Context, chain ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header, state *state.StateDB, txs []*types.Transaction,
 		uncles []*types.Header, receipts []*types.Receipt) (*types.Block, error)
 
 	// Seal generates a new sealing request for the given input block and pushes
@@ -105,7 +106,7 @@ type Engine interface {
 	//
 	// Note, the method returns immediately and will send the result async. More
 	// than one result may also be returned depending on the consensus algorithm.
-	Seal(chain ChainHeaderReader, block *types.Block, results chan<- *types.Block, stop <-chan struct{}) error
+	Seal(ctx context.Context, chain ChainHeaderReader, block *types.Block, results chan<- *types.Block, stop <-chan struct{}) error
 
 	// SealHash returns the hash of a block prior to it being sealed.
 	SealHash(header *types.Header) common.Hash
diff --git a/consensus/ethash/consensus.go b/consensus/ethash/consensus.go
index 7dec436a26..761442f44e 100644
--- a/consensus/ethash/consensus.go
+++ b/consensus/ethash/consensus.go
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package ethash
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"math/big"
@@ -598,7 +599,7 @@ func (ethash *Ethash) Finalize(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.
 
 // FinalizeAndAssemble implements consensus.Engine, accumulating the block and
 // uncle rewards, setting the final state and assembling the block.
-func (ethash *Ethash) FinalizeAndAssemble(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header, state *state.StateDB, txs []*types.Transaction, uncles []*types.Header, receipts []*types.Receipt) (*types.Block, error) {
+func (ethash *Ethash) FinalizeAndAssemble(ctx context.Context, chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header, state *state.StateDB, txs []*types.Transaction, uncles []*types.Header, receipts []*types.Receipt) (*types.Block, error) {
 	// Finalize block
 	ethash.Finalize(chain, header, state, txs, uncles)
 
diff --git a/consensus/ethash/ethash_test.go b/consensus/ethash/ethash_test.go
index 382eefeecf..ef8cd3e8fa 100644
--- a/consensus/ethash/ethash_test.go
+++ b/consensus/ethash/ethash_test.go
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package ethash
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"io/ioutil"
 	"math/big"
 	"math/rand"
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ func TestTestMode(t *testing.T) {
 	defer ethash.Close()
 
 	results := make(chan *types.Block)
-	err := ethash.Seal(nil, types.NewBlockWithHeader(header), results, nil)
+	err := ethash.Seal(context.Background(), nil, types.NewBlockWithHeader(header), results, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to seal block: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -111,12 +112,13 @@ func TestRemoteSealer(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Push new work.
 	results := make(chan *types.Block)
-	ethash.Seal(nil, block, results, nil)
+	err := ethash.Seal(context.Background(), nil, block, results, nil)
 
-	var (
-		work [4]string
-		err  error
-	)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error("error in sealing block")
+	}
+
+	var work [4]string
 	if work, err = api.GetWork(); err != nil || work[0] != sealhash.Hex() {
 		t.Error("expect to return a mining work has same hash")
 	}
@@ -128,7 +130,11 @@ func TestRemoteSealer(t *testing.T) {
 	header = &types.Header{Number: big.NewInt(1), Difficulty: big.NewInt(1000)}
 	block = types.NewBlockWithHeader(header)
 	sealhash = ethash.SealHash(header)
-	ethash.Seal(nil, block, results, nil)
+	err = ethash.Seal(context.Background(), nil, block, results, nil)
+
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error("error in sealing block")
+	}
 
 	if work, err = api.GetWork(); err != nil || work[0] != sealhash.Hex() {
 		t.Error("expect to return the latest pushed work")
diff --git a/consensus/ethash/sealer.go b/consensus/ethash/sealer.go
index 6fa60ef6a8..d851a065f2 100644
--- a/consensus/ethash/sealer.go
+++ b/consensus/ethash/sealer.go
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ var (
 
 // Seal implements consensus.Engine, attempting to find a nonce that satisfies
 // the block's difficulty requirements.
-func (ethash *Ethash) Seal(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, block *types.Block, results chan<- *types.Block, stop <-chan struct{}) error {
+func (ethash *Ethash) Seal(ctx context.Context, chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, block *types.Block, results chan<- *types.Block, stop <-chan struct{}) error {
 	// If we're running a fake PoW, simply return a 0 nonce immediately
 	if ethash.config.PowMode == ModeFake || ethash.config.PowMode == ModeFullFake {
 		header := block.Header()
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ func (ethash *Ethash) Seal(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, block *types.Block
 	}
 	// If we're running a shared PoW, delegate sealing to it
 	if ethash.shared != nil {
-		return ethash.shared.Seal(chain, block, results, stop)
+		return ethash.shared.Seal(ctx, chain, block, results, stop)
 	}
 	// Create a runner and the multiple search threads it directs
 	abort := make(chan struct{})
@@ -117,7 +117,8 @@ func (ethash *Ethash) Seal(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, block *types.Block
 		case <-ethash.update:
 			// Thread count was changed on user request, restart
 			close(abort)
-			if err := ethash.Seal(chain, block, results, stop); err != nil {
+
+			if err := ethash.Seal(ctx, chain, block, results, stop); err != nil {
 				ethash.config.Log.Error("Failed to restart sealing after update", "err", err)
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/consensus/ethash/sealer_test.go b/consensus/ethash/sealer_test.go
index 9ddfcd840a..ad03fdff75 100644
--- a/consensus/ethash/sealer_test.go
+++ b/consensus/ethash/sealer_test.go
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package ethash
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"io/ioutil"
 	"math/big"
@@ -57,7 +58,11 @@ func TestRemoteNotify(t *testing.T) {
 	header := &types.Header{Number: big.NewInt(1), Difficulty: big.NewInt(100)}
 	block := types.NewBlockWithHeader(header)
 
-	ethash.Seal(nil, block, nil, nil)
+	err := ethash.Seal(context.Background(), nil, block, nil, nil)
+
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error("error in sealing block")
+	}
 	select {
 	case work := <-sink:
 		if want := ethash.SealHash(header).Hex(); work[0] != want {
@@ -105,7 +110,11 @@ func TestRemoteNotifyFull(t *testing.T) {
 	header := &types.Header{Number: big.NewInt(1), Difficulty: big.NewInt(100)}
 	block := types.NewBlockWithHeader(header)
 
-	ethash.Seal(nil, block, nil, nil)
+	err := ethash.Seal(context.Background(), nil, block, nil, nil)
+
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error("error in sealing block")
+	}
 	select {
 	case work := <-sink:
 		if want := "0x" + strconv.FormatUint(header.Number.Uint64(), 16); work["number"] != want {
@@ -151,7 +160,11 @@ func TestRemoteMultiNotify(t *testing.T) {
 	for i := 0; i < cap(sink); i++ {
 		header := &types.Header{Number: big.NewInt(int64(i)), Difficulty: big.NewInt(100)}
 		block := types.NewBlockWithHeader(header)
-		ethash.Seal(nil, block, results, nil)
+		err := ethash.Seal(context.Background(), nil, block, results, nil)
+
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Error("error in sealing block")
+		}
 	}
 
 	for i := 0; i < cap(sink); i++ {
@@ -204,7 +217,11 @@ func TestRemoteMultiNotifyFull(t *testing.T) {
 	for i := 0; i < cap(sink); i++ {
 		header := &types.Header{Number: big.NewInt(int64(i)), Difficulty: big.NewInt(100)}
 		block := types.NewBlockWithHeader(header)
-		ethash.Seal(nil, block, results, nil)
+		err := ethash.Seal(context.Background(), nil, block, results, nil)
+
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Error("error in sealing block")
+		}
 	}
 
 	for i := 0; i < cap(sink); i++ {
@@ -270,7 +287,11 @@ func TestStaleSubmission(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for id, c := range testcases {
 		for _, h := range c.headers {
-			ethash.Seal(nil, types.NewBlockWithHeader(h), results, nil)
+			err := ethash.Seal(context.Background(), nil, types.NewBlockWithHeader(h), results, nil)
+
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Error("error in sealing block")
+			}
 		}
 		if res := api.SubmitWork(fakeNonce, ethash.SealHash(c.headers[c.submitIndex]), fakeDigest); res != c.submitRes {
 			t.Errorf("case %d submit result mismatch, want %t, get %t", id+1, c.submitRes, res)
diff --git a/core/blockchain.go b/core/blockchain.go
index fe8172e41e..48d5e966db 100644
--- a/core/blockchain.go
+++ b/core/blockchain.go
@@ -223,6 +223,7 @@ type BlockChain struct {
 // NewBlockChain returns a fully initialised block chain using information
 // available in the database. It initialises the default Ethereum Validator
 // and Processor.
+//
 //nolint:gocognit
 func NewBlockChain(db ethdb.Database, cacheConfig *CacheConfig, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig, engine consensus.Engine, vmConfig vm.Config, shouldPreserve func(header *types.Header) bool, txLookupLimit *uint64, checker ethereum.ChainValidator) (*BlockChain, error) {
 	if cacheConfig == nil {
diff --git a/core/chain_makers.go b/core/chain_makers.go
index 4b2d2082df..e9944e4744 100644
--- a/core/chain_makers.go
+++ b/core/chain_makers.go
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package core
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"math/big"
 
@@ -258,7 +259,7 @@ func GenerateChain(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Block, engine conse
 		}
 		if b.engine != nil {
 			// Finalize and seal the block
-			block, _ := b.engine.FinalizeAndAssemble(chainreader, b.header, statedb, b.txs, b.uncles, b.receipts)
+			block, _ := b.engine.FinalizeAndAssemble(context.Background(), chainreader, b.header, statedb, b.txs, b.uncles, b.receipts)
 
 			// Write state changes to db
 			root, err := statedb.Commit(config.IsEIP158(b.header.Number))
diff --git a/core/types/transaction.go b/core/types/transaction.go
index 29820a0d78..e0e52f25bc 100644
--- a/core/types/transaction.go
+++ b/core/types/transaction.go
@@ -508,6 +508,10 @@ func NewTransactionsByPriceAndNonce(signer Signer, txs map[common.Address]Transa
 	// Initialize a price and received time based heap with the head transactions
 	heads := make(TxByPriceAndTime, 0, len(txs))
 	for from, accTxs := range txs {
+		if len(accTxs) == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+
 		acc, _ := Sender(signer, accTxs[0])
 		wrapped, err := NewTxWithMinerFee(accTxs[0], baseFee)
 		// Remove transaction if sender doesn't match from, or if wrapping fails.
@@ -550,6 +554,10 @@ func (t *TransactionsByPriceAndNonce) Shift() {
 	heap.Pop(&t.heads)
 }
 
+func (t *TransactionsByPriceAndNonce) GetTxs() int {
+	return len(t.txs)
+}
+
 // Pop removes the best transaction, *not* replacing it with the next one from
 // the same account. This should be used when a transaction cannot be executed
 // and hence all subsequent ones should be discarded from the same account.
diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index 7a643a251c..18a2ca0ae7 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/mitchellh/pointerstructure v1.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/reflectwalk v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/opentracing/opentracing-go v1.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/pelletier/go-toml v1.9.5 // indirect
+	github.com/pelletier/go-toml v1.9.5
 	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1 // indirect
 	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/posener/complete v1.1.1 // indirect
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/tklauser/numcpus v0.2.2 // indirect
 	github.com/zclconf/go-cty v1.8.0 // indirect
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace v1.2.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.2.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.2.0
 	go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp v0.10.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20220722155223-a9213eeb770e // indirect
 	golang.org/x/mod v0.6.0-dev.0.20220419223038-86c51ed26bb4 // indirect
diff --git a/miner/worker.go b/miner/worker.go
index 922eba7e9f..797e7ea980 100644
--- a/miner/worker.go
+++ b/miner/worker.go
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package miner
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"math/big"
@@ -25,8 +26,12 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	mapset "github.com/deckarep/golang-set"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/attribute"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/tracing"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus/misc"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core"
@@ -144,6 +149,8 @@ func (env *environment) discard() {
 
 // task contains all information for consensus engine sealing and result submitting.
 type task struct {
+	//nolint:containedctx
+	ctx       context.Context
 	receipts  []*types.Receipt
 	state     *state.StateDB
 	block     *types.Block
@@ -158,6 +165,8 @@ const (
 
 // newWorkReq represents a request for new sealing work submitting with relative interrupt notifier.
 type newWorkReq struct {
+	//nolint:containedctx
+	ctx       context.Context
 	interrupt *int32
 	noempty   bool
 	timestamp int64
@@ -165,6 +174,8 @@ type newWorkReq struct {
 
 // getWorkReq represents a request for getting a new sealing work with provided parameters.
 type getWorkReq struct {
+	//nolint:containedctx
+	ctx    context.Context
 	params *generateParams
 	err    error
 	result chan *types.Block
@@ -287,9 +298,12 @@ func newWorker(config *Config, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig, engine consensus
 		recommit = minRecommitInterval
 	}
 
+	ctx := tracing.WithTracer(context.Background(), otel.GetTracerProvider().Tracer("MinerWorker"))
+
 	worker.wg.Add(4)
-	go worker.mainLoop()
-	go worker.newWorkLoop(recommit)
+
+	go worker.mainLoop(ctx)
+	go worker.newWorkLoop(ctx, recommit)
 	go worker.resultLoop()
 	go worker.taskLoop()
 
@@ -419,7 +433,9 @@ func recalcRecommit(minRecommit, prev time.Duration, target float64, inc bool) t
 }
 
 // newWorkLoop is a standalone goroutine to submit new sealing work upon received events.
-func (w *worker) newWorkLoop(recommit time.Duration) {
+//
+//nolint:gocognit
+func (w *worker) newWorkLoop(ctx context.Context, recommit time.Duration) {
 	defer w.wg.Done()
 	var (
 		interrupt   *int32
@@ -433,12 +449,16 @@ func (w *worker) newWorkLoop(recommit time.Duration) {
 
 	// commit aborts in-flight transaction execution with given signal and resubmits a new one.
 	commit := func(noempty bool, s int32) {
+		// we close spans only by the place we created them
+		ctx, span := tracing.Trace(ctx, "worker.newWorkLoop.commit")
+		tracing.EndSpan(span)
+
 		if interrupt != nil {
 			atomic.StoreInt32(interrupt, s)
 		}
 		interrupt = new(int32)
 		select {
-		case w.newWorkCh <- &newWorkReq{interrupt: interrupt, noempty: noempty, timestamp: timestamp}:
+		case w.newWorkCh <- &newWorkReq{interrupt: interrupt, noempty: noempty, timestamp: timestamp, ctx: ctx}:
 		case <-w.exitCh:
 			return
 		}
@@ -447,6 +467,9 @@ func (w *worker) newWorkLoop(recommit time.Duration) {
 	}
 	// clearPending cleans the stale pending tasks.
 	clearPending := func(number uint64) {
+		_, span := tracing.Trace(ctx, "worker.newWorkLoop.clearPending")
+		tracing.EndSpan(span)
+
 		w.pendingMu.Lock()
 		for h, t := range w.pendingTasks {
 			if t.block.NumberU64()+staleThreshold <= number {
@@ -519,7 +542,8 @@ func (w *worker) newWorkLoop(recommit time.Duration) {
 // mainLoop is responsible for generating and submitting sealing work based on
 // the received event. It can support two modes: automatically generate task and
 // submit it or return task according to given parameters for various proposes.
-func (w *worker) mainLoop() {
+// nolint: gocognit
+func (w *worker) mainLoop(ctx context.Context) {
 	defer w.wg.Done()
 	defer w.txsSub.Unsubscribe()
 	defer w.chainHeadSub.Unsubscribe()
@@ -536,10 +560,10 @@ func (w *worker) mainLoop() {
 	for {
 		select {
 		case req := <-w.newWorkCh:
-			w.commitWork(req.interrupt, req.noempty, req.timestamp)
+			w.commitWork(req.ctx, req.interrupt, req.noempty, req.timestamp)
 
 		case req := <-w.getWorkCh:
-			block, err := w.generateWork(req.params)
+			block, err := w.generateWork(req.ctx, req.params)
 			if err != nil {
 				req.err = err
 				req.result <- nil
@@ -567,7 +591,10 @@ func (w *worker) mainLoop() {
 			if w.isRunning() && w.current != nil && len(w.current.uncles) < 2 {
 				start := time.Now()
 				if err := w.commitUncle(w.current, ev.Block.Header()); err == nil {
-					w.commit(w.current.copy(), nil, true, start)
+					commitErr := w.commit(ctx, w.current.copy(), nil, true, start)
+					if commitErr != nil {
+						log.Error("error while committing work for mining", "err", commitErr)
+					}
 				}
 			}
 
@@ -614,7 +641,7 @@ func (w *worker) mainLoop() {
 				// submit sealing work here since all empty submission will be rejected
 				// by clique. Of course the advance sealing(empty submission) is disabled.
 				if w.chainConfig.Clique != nil && w.chainConfig.Clique.Period == 0 {
-					w.commitWork(nil, true, time.Now().Unix())
+					w.commitWork(ctx, nil, true, time.Now().Unix())
 				}
 			}
 			atomic.AddInt32(&w.newTxs, int32(len(ev.Txs)))
@@ -670,7 +697,7 @@ func (w *worker) taskLoop() {
 			w.pendingTasks[sealHash] = task
 			w.pendingMu.Unlock()
 
-			if err := w.engine.Seal(w.chain, task.block, w.resultCh, stopCh); err != nil {
+			if err := w.engine.Seal(task.ctx, w.chain, task.block, w.resultCh, stopCh); err != nil {
 				log.Warn("Block sealing failed", "err", err)
 				w.pendingMu.Lock()
 				delete(w.pendingTasks, sealHash)
@@ -694,10 +721,12 @@ func (w *worker) resultLoop() {
 			if block == nil {
 				continue
 			}
+
 			// Short circuit when receiving duplicate result caused by resubmitting.
 			if w.chain.HasBlock(block.Hash(), block.NumberU64()) {
 				continue
 			}
+
 			oldBlock := w.chain.GetBlockByNumber(block.NumberU64())
 			if oldBlock != nil {
 				oldBlockAuthor, _ := w.chain.Engine().Author(oldBlock.Header())
@@ -707,49 +736,72 @@ func (w *worker) resultLoop() {
 					continue
 				}
 			}
+
 			var (
 				sealhash = w.engine.SealHash(block.Header())
 				hash     = block.Hash()
 			)
+
 			w.pendingMu.RLock()
 			task, exist := w.pendingTasks[sealhash]
 			w.pendingMu.RUnlock()
+
 			if !exist {
 				log.Error("Block found but no relative pending task", "number", block.Number(), "sealhash", sealhash, "hash", hash)
 				continue
 			}
+
 			// Different block could share same sealhash, deep copy here to prevent write-write conflict.
 			var (
 				receipts = make([]*types.Receipt, len(task.receipts))
 				logs     []*types.Log
+				err      error
 			)
-			for i, taskReceipt := range task.receipts {
-				receipt := new(types.Receipt)
-				receipts[i] = receipt
-				*receipt = *taskReceipt
-
-				// add block location fields
-				receipt.BlockHash = hash
-				receipt.BlockNumber = block.Number()
-				receipt.TransactionIndex = uint(i)
-
-				// Update the block hash in all logs since it is now available and not when the
-				// receipt/log of individual transactions were created.
-				receipt.Logs = make([]*types.Log, len(taskReceipt.Logs))
-				for i, taskLog := range taskReceipt.Logs {
-					log := new(types.Log)
-					receipt.Logs[i] = log
-					*log = *taskLog
-					log.BlockHash = hash
+
+			tracing.Exec(task.ctx, "resultLoop", func(ctx context.Context, span trace.Span) {
+				for i, taskReceipt := range task.receipts {
+					receipt := new(types.Receipt)
+					receipts[i] = receipt
+					*receipt = *taskReceipt
+
+					// add block location fields
+					receipt.BlockHash = hash
+					receipt.BlockNumber = block.Number()
+					receipt.TransactionIndex = uint(i)
+
+					// Update the block hash in all logs since it is now available and not when the
+					// receipt/log of individual transactions were created.
+					receipt.Logs = make([]*types.Log, len(taskReceipt.Logs))
+					for i, taskLog := range taskReceipt.Logs {
+						log := new(types.Log)
+						receipt.Logs[i] = log
+						*log = *taskLog
+						log.BlockHash = hash
+					}
+					logs = append(logs, receipt.Logs...)
 				}
-				logs = append(logs, receipt.Logs...)
-			}
-			// Commit block and state to database.
-			_, err := w.chain.WriteBlockAndSetHead(block, receipts, logs, task.state, true)
+
+				// Commit block and state to database.
+				tracing.ElapsedTime(ctx, span, "WriteBlockAndSetHead time taken", func(_ context.Context, _ trace.Span) {
+					_, err = w.chain.WriteBlockAndSetHead(block, receipts, logs, task.state, true)
+				})
+
+				tracing.SetAttributes(
+					span,
+					attribute.String("hash", hash.String()),
+					attribute.Int("number", int(block.Number().Uint64())),
+					attribute.Int("txns", block.Transactions().Len()),
+					attribute.Int("gas used", int(block.GasUsed())),
+					attribute.Int("elapsed", int(time.Since(task.createdAt).Milliseconds())),
+					attribute.Bool("error", err != nil),
+				)
+			})
+
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Error("Failed writing block to chain", "err", err)
 				continue
 			}
+
 			log.Info("Successfully sealed new block", "number", block.Number(), "sealhash", sealhash, "hash", hash,
 				"elapsed", common.PrettyDuration(time.Since(task.createdAt)))
 
@@ -758,7 +810,6 @@ func (w *worker) resultLoop() {
 
 			// Insert the block into the set of pending ones to resultLoop for confirmations
 			w.unconfirmed.Insert(block.NumberU64(), block.Hash())
-
 		case <-w.exitCh:
 			return
 		}
@@ -1069,78 +1120,176 @@ func (w *worker) prepareWork(genParams *generateParams) (*environment, error) {
 // fillTransactions retrieves the pending transactions from the txpool and fills them
 // into the given sealing block. The transaction selection and ordering strategy can
 // be customized with the plugin in the future.
-func (w *worker) fillTransactions(interrupt *int32, env *environment) {
+func (w *worker) fillTransactions(ctx context.Context, interrupt *int32, env *environment) {
+	ctx, span := tracing.StartSpan(ctx, "fillTransactions")
+	defer tracing.EndSpan(span)
+
 	// Split the pending transactions into locals and remotes
 	// Fill the block with all available pending transactions.
-	pending := w.eth.TxPool().Pending(true)
-	localTxs, remoteTxs := make(map[common.Address]types.Transactions), pending
-	for _, account := range w.eth.TxPool().Locals() {
-		if txs := remoteTxs[account]; len(txs) > 0 {
-			delete(remoteTxs, account)
-			localTxs[account] = txs
+
+	var (
+		localTxsCount  int
+		remoteTxsCount int
+		localTxs       = make(map[common.Address]types.Transactions)
+		remoteTxs      map[common.Address]types.Transactions
+	)
+
+	tracing.Exec(ctx, "worker.SplittingTransactions", func(ctx context.Context, span trace.Span) {
+		pending := w.eth.TxPool().Pending(true)
+		remoteTxs = pending
+
+		for _, account := range w.eth.TxPool().Locals() {
+			if txs := remoteTxs[account]; len(txs) > 0 {
+				delete(remoteTxs, account)
+				localTxs[account] = txs
+			}
 		}
-	}
-	if len(localTxs) > 0 {
-		txs := types.NewTransactionsByPriceAndNonce(env.signer, localTxs, env.header.BaseFee)
-		if w.commitTransactions(env, txs, interrupt) {
+
+		localTxsCount = len(localTxs)
+		remoteTxsCount = len(remoteTxs)
+
+		tracing.SetAttributes(
+			span,
+			attribute.Int("len of local txs", localTxsCount),
+			attribute.Int("len of remote txs", remoteTxsCount),
+		)
+	})
+
+	var (
+		localEnvTCount  int
+		remoteEnvTCount int
+		committed       bool
+	)
+
+	if localTxsCount > 0 {
+		var txs *types.TransactionsByPriceAndNonce
+
+		tracing.Exec(ctx, "worker.LocalTransactionsByPriceAndNonce", func(ctx context.Context, span trace.Span) {
+			txs = types.NewTransactionsByPriceAndNonce(env.signer, localTxs, env.header.BaseFee)
+
+			tracing.SetAttributes(
+				span,
+				attribute.Int("len of tx local Heads", txs.GetTxs()),
+			)
+		})
+
+		tracing.Exec(ctx, "worker.LocalCommitTransactions", func(ctx context.Context, span trace.Span) {
+			committed = w.commitTransactions(env, txs, interrupt)
+		})
+
+		if committed {
 			return
 		}
+
+		localEnvTCount = env.tcount
 	}
-	if len(remoteTxs) > 0 {
-		txs := types.NewTransactionsByPriceAndNonce(env.signer, remoteTxs, env.header.BaseFee)
-		if w.commitTransactions(env, txs, interrupt) {
+
+	if remoteTxsCount > 0 {
+		var txs *types.TransactionsByPriceAndNonce
+
+		tracing.Exec(ctx, "worker.RemoteTransactionsByPriceAndNonce", func(ctx context.Context, span trace.Span) {
+			txs = types.NewTransactionsByPriceAndNonce(env.signer, remoteTxs, env.header.BaseFee)
+
+			tracing.SetAttributes(
+				span,
+				attribute.Int("len of tx remote Heads", txs.GetTxs()),
+			)
+		})
+
+		tracing.Exec(ctx, "worker.RemoteCommitTransactions", func(ctx context.Context, span trace.Span) {
+			committed = w.commitTransactions(env, txs, interrupt)
+		})
+
+		if committed {
 			return
 		}
+
+		remoteEnvTCount = env.tcount
 	}
+
+	tracing.SetAttributes(
+		span,
+		attribute.Int("len of final local txs ", localEnvTCount),
+		attribute.Int("len of final remote txs", remoteEnvTCount),
+	)
 }
 
 // generateWork generates a sealing block based on the given parameters.
-func (w *worker) generateWork(params *generateParams) (*types.Block, error) {
+func (w *worker) generateWork(ctx context.Context, params *generateParams) (*types.Block, error) {
 	work, err := w.prepareWork(params)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	defer work.discard()
 
-	w.fillTransactions(nil, work)
-	return w.engine.FinalizeAndAssemble(w.chain, work.header, work.state, work.txs, work.unclelist(), work.receipts)
+	w.fillTransactions(ctx, nil, work)
+
+	return w.engine.FinalizeAndAssemble(ctx, w.chain, work.header, work.state, work.txs, work.unclelist(), work.receipts)
 }
 
 // commitWork generates several new sealing tasks based on the parent block
 // and submit them to the sealer.
-func (w *worker) commitWork(interrupt *int32, noempty bool, timestamp int64) {
+func (w *worker) commitWork(ctx context.Context, interrupt *int32, noempty bool, timestamp int64) {
 	start := time.Now()
 
-	// Set the coinbase if the worker is running or it's required
-	var coinbase common.Address
-	if w.isRunning() {
-		if w.coinbase == (common.Address{}) {
-			log.Error("Refusing to mine without etherbase")
-			return
+	var (
+		work *environment
+		err  error
+	)
+
+	tracing.Exec(ctx, "worker.prepareWork", func(ctx context.Context, span trace.Span) {
+		// Set the coinbase if the worker is running or it's required
+		var coinbase common.Address
+		if w.isRunning() {
+			if w.coinbase == (common.Address{}) {
+				log.Error("Refusing to mine without etherbase")
+				return
+			}
+
+			coinbase = w.coinbase // Use the preset address as the fee recipient
 		}
-		coinbase = w.coinbase // Use the preset address as the fee recipient
-	}
-	work, err := w.prepareWork(&generateParams{
-		timestamp: uint64(timestamp),
-		coinbase:  coinbase,
+
+		work, err = w.prepareWork(&generateParams{
+			timestamp: uint64(timestamp),
+			coinbase:  coinbase,
+		})
 	})
+
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}
+
+	ctx, span := tracing.StartSpan(ctx, "commitWork")
+	defer tracing.EndSpan(span)
+
+	tracing.SetAttributes(
+		span,
+		attribute.Int("number", int(work.header.Number.Uint64())),
+	)
+
 	// Create an empty block based on temporary copied state for
 	// sealing in advance without waiting block execution finished.
 	if !noempty && atomic.LoadUint32(&w.noempty) == 0 {
-		w.commit(work.copy(), nil, false, start)
+		err = w.commit(ctx, work.copy(), nil, false, start)
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
 	}
+
 	// Fill pending transactions from the txpool
-	w.fillTransactions(interrupt, work)
-	w.commit(work.copy(), w.fullTaskHook, true, start)
+	w.fillTransactions(ctx, interrupt, work)
+
+	err = w.commit(ctx, work.copy(), w.fullTaskHook, true, start)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
 
 	// Swap out the old work with the new one, terminating any leftover
 	// prefetcher processes in the mean time and starting a new one.
 	if w.current != nil {
 		w.current.discard()
 	}
+
 	w.current = work
 }
 
@@ -1148,22 +1297,38 @@ func (w *worker) commitWork(interrupt *int32, noempty bool, timestamp int64) {
 // and commits new work if consensus engine is running.
 // Note the assumption is held that the mutation is allowed to the passed env, do
 // the deep copy first.
-func (w *worker) commit(env *environment, interval func(), update bool, start time.Time) error {
+func (w *worker) commit(ctx context.Context, env *environment, interval func(), update bool, start time.Time) error {
 	if w.isRunning() {
+		ctx, span := tracing.StartSpan(ctx, "commit")
+		defer tracing.EndSpan(span)
+
 		if interval != nil {
 			interval()
 		}
+
 		// Create a local environment copy, avoid the data race with snapshot state.
 		// https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/issues/24299
 		env := env.copy()
-		block, err := w.engine.FinalizeAndAssemble(w.chain, env.header, env.state, env.txs, env.unclelist(), env.receipts)
+
+		block, err := w.engine.FinalizeAndAssemble(ctx, w.chain, env.header, env.state, env.txs, env.unclelist(), env.receipts)
+
+		tracing.SetAttributes(
+			span,
+			attribute.Int("number", int(block.Number().Uint64())),
+			attribute.String("hash", block.Hash().String()),
+			attribute.String("sealhash", w.engine.SealHash(block.Header()).String()),
+			attribute.Int("len of env.txs", len(env.txs)),
+			attribute.Bool("error", err != nil),
+		)
+
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
+
 		// If we're post merge, just ignore
 		if !w.isTTDReached(block.Header()) {
 			select {
-			case w.taskCh <- &task{receipts: env.receipts, state: env.state, block: block, createdAt: time.Now()}:
+			case w.taskCh <- &task{ctx: ctx, receipts: env.receipts, state: env.state, block: block, createdAt: time.Now()}:
 				w.unconfirmed.Shift(block.NumberU64() - 1)
 				log.Info("Commit new sealing work", "number", block.Number(), "sealhash", w.engine.SealHash(block.Header()),
 					"uncles", len(env.uncles), "txs", env.tcount,
@@ -1178,11 +1343,14 @@ func (w *worker) commit(env *environment, interval func(), update bool, start ti
 	if update {
 		w.updateSnapshot(env)
 	}
+
 	return nil
 }
 
 // getSealingBlock generates the sealing block based on the given parameters.
 func (w *worker) getSealingBlock(parent common.Hash, timestamp uint64, coinbase common.Address, random common.Hash) (*types.Block, error) {
+	ctx := tracing.WithTracer(context.Background(), otel.GetTracerProvider().Tracer("getSealingBlock"))
+
 	req := &getWorkReq{
 		params: &generateParams{
 			timestamp:  timestamp,
@@ -1194,13 +1362,16 @@ func (w *worker) getSealingBlock(parent common.Hash, timestamp uint64, coinbase
 			noExtra:    true,
 		},
 		result: make(chan *types.Block, 1),
+		ctx:    ctx,
 	}
+
 	select {
 	case w.getWorkCh <- req:
 		block := <-req.result
 		if block == nil {
 			return nil, req.err
 		}
+
 		return block, nil
 	case <-w.exitCh:
 		return nil, errors.New("miner closed")
diff --git a/tests/bor/helper.go b/tests/bor/helper.go
index f5d80bbebf..ddddc97572 100644
--- a/tests/bor/helper.go
+++ b/tests/bor/helper.go
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 package bor
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"encoding/hex"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
@@ -172,8 +173,10 @@ func buildNextBlock(t *testing.T, _bor consensus.Engine, chain *core.BlockChain,
 		b.addTxWithChain(chain, state, tx, addr)
 	}
 
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
 	// Finalize and seal the block
-	block, _ := _bor.FinalizeAndAssemble(chain, b.header, state, b.txs, nil, b.receipts)
+	block, _ := _bor.FinalizeAndAssemble(ctx, chain, b.header, state, b.txs, nil, b.receipts)
 
 	// Write state changes to db
 	root, err := state.Commit(chain.Config().IsEIP158(b.header.Number))
@@ -187,7 +190,7 @@ func buildNextBlock(t *testing.T, _bor consensus.Engine, chain *core.BlockChain,
 
 	res := make(chan *types.Block, 1)
 
-	err = _bor.Seal(chain, block, res, nil)
+	err = _bor.Seal(ctx, chain, block, res, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		// an error case - sign manually
 		sign(t, header, signer, borConfig)
diff --git a/tests/state_test_util.go b/tests/state_test_util.go
index 4fd3cf76b2..65f93bfbe3 100644
--- a/tests/state_test_util.go
+++ b/tests/state_test_util.go
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ import (
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/sha3"
+
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/math"
@@ -37,7 +39,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
-	"golang.org/x/crypto/sha3"
 )
 
 // StateTest checks transaction processing without block context.
@@ -217,15 +218,16 @@ func (t *StateTest) RunNoVerify(subtest StateSubtest, vmconfig vm.Config, snapsh
 
 	// Prepare the EVM.
 	txContext := core.NewEVMTxContext(msg)
-	context := core.NewEVMBlockContext(block.Header(), nil, &t.json.Env.Coinbase)
-	context.GetHash = vmTestBlockHash
-	context.BaseFee = baseFee
+	evmContext := core.NewEVMBlockContext(block.Header(), nil, &t.json.Env.Coinbase)
+	evmContext.GetHash = vmTestBlockHash
+	evmContext.BaseFee = baseFee
 	if t.json.Env.Random != nil {
 		rnd := common.BigToHash(t.json.Env.Random)
-		context.Random = &rnd
-		context.Difficulty = big.NewInt(0)
+		evmContext.Random = &rnd
+		evmContext.Difficulty = big.NewInt(0)
 	}
-	evm := vm.NewEVM(context, txContext, statedb, config, vmconfig)
+
+	evm := vm.NewEVM(evmContext, txContext, statedb, config, vmconfig)
 	// Execute the message.
 	snapshot := statedb.Snapshot()
 	gaspool := new(core.GasPool)